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<center><h1>Critical Sarcasm</h1></center>
<a href="http://criticalsarcasm.com">Go Home</a> <a href="http://criticalsarcasm.com/oldsite">Old Site</a>
<a href="http://criticalsarcasm.com">Go Home</a> <a href="http://criticalsarcasm.com/oldsite">Old Site</a> <a href="http://criticalsarcasm.com/school_essays">Old School Essays</a>
<hr>
<p><span style="color:#FF0000"> 04-Jul-2017 </span>- <a href="http://criticalsarcasm.com//posts/2017/jul/14-jul-2017-i_suck.html">I Suck</a></p>

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<center><h1>Old Ass Sudotask</h1></center>
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
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<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0.2in; line-height: 100%">ASIAN
CULTURE <sdfield type=PAGE subtype=RANDOM format=PAGE>0</sdfield></p>
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<p align="center" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Asian
Culture in Religion</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Joseph
J. Green</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Northern
Arizona University</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%; page-break-before: always">
<font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Asian cultures are lush with
traditions that have been canonized or reinforced by their various
philosophies and religions. Traditions such as group welfare,
importance of the past, importance of agriculture, societal
hierarchy, subjugation of women, and the importance of extended
family. Three of the major Asian religions, Confucianism, Hinduism,
and Shinto contain many of these cultural tendencies.</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Mainly
in China, while it is debatable whether it is more of a philosophy or
a religion, Confucianism took hold early on, and it has helped govern
Chinese life ever sense. The Chinese have always maintained a strict
hierarchical order, and Confucius and Mencius, a major contributor to
Confucianism, canonized the common practice as the right and moral
thing to do. Confucianism also encourages people to organize and
rebel against the unjust for the good all, though in practice, people
rarely rebelled against unjust fathers. Confucius also stressed that,
while people are born moral, they must also study the histories and
educate themselves if they have any chance of remaining moral
throughout life. The general positive outlook on life that the
Chinese maintained was also embraced in Confucianism by encouraging
people to follow the traditions of a good long life and to die only
when surrounded by descendants. Indeed, Mencius said that the
greatest filial sin is to have no descendants, which, of course,
meant specifically male descendants as women were married off to
become part of someone else’s household which is one way
Confucianism supported, somewhat, the subjugated role of women in
Chinese society (Murphey, Rhodes and Stapleton, 2014). Along with
educating and culturing one’s self, Confucius also promoted the
cultivation of the land (Tucker, n.d.), which is the base importance
of an agrarian society as the Chinese were and largely still are.</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> While
Confucianism incorporated much of Chinese culture and has had such
profound influence on them, no religion is as closely tied with its
people as Hinduism is with the people of the Indian subcontinent.
Hinduism defines the caste system that the Indian people follow. In
an effort to maintain a hierarchical order, leadership, and
economics, Hinduism defines what group of people are responsible for
what tasks which greatly protects both group welfare, and the
hierarchical order. The caste system consists of four primary
societal ranks to maintain society and a pseud fifth class which is
for people without a caste. The first two castes define the order of
leadership, first the priestly class and then the ruling class. The
third class is reserved for the farmers and merchants of society to
keep the people fed and the economy strong, this also shows that
farmers are regarded as the highest rank under the leadership which
shows just how important agriculture is to the faith. The last true
rank is that of their laborers who provide labor and service for the
top three rungs of society. Hinduism also professes a love of all
living things, and recommends against taking life. This is embodied
for their reverence of past living things and the concept of
reincarnation. No one knows if the animal (s)he kills was an honored
ancestor, so it is best to avoid it. Unfortunately for women, they do
not fit very highly in the Hindu culture. It is declared that women
must never be independent, that they must first be subjects of their
fathers, then husbands, and then, if her husband is dead, her sons
(Murphey, Rhodes and Stapleton, 2014; Nigosian, 2000). Hindus also
typically place importance on the extended family which can be seen
by the fact that multiple generations of families have a tendency to
live together (Iskconeducationalservices.org, n.d.).</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Japan,
which is the primary basin of Shinto, holds a special place in Asian
culture by being a largely isolated island throughout much of the
development of Asia. Unlike other Asian cultures, Japanese women
actually had the ability to hold some amount of power instead of
being largely subjugated. For much of its history, Shinto actually
required women to take an active part in the religion in order for it
to work. Though there was a short period of Shinto history where
women were no longer required in the practice of Shinto, throughout
history women have enjoyed the ability to take on high roles in
Japanese culture which is reflected in Shinto (Haruko, n.d.). Unlike
other religions, Shinto is much more localized and therefore only
shares a few common Kami across the country. This also means that,
unlike the other religions discussed, Shinto doesn’t look for group
welfare in quite the same all-encompassing way, but has a focus on
the welfare of the local communities that build the shrines. Shinto
also professes an attachment to the past in the form of ancestor
worship. Shinto practitioners often worship ancestors of particular
clans or lineages as Kami for good fortune. Being an animistic
religion, it shouldn’t be surprising that Shinto puts a great
influence on agriculture as agriculture is the source of life which
makes it only natural to ascribe Kami to it for good tidings. Also
unlike other Asian religions, Shinto does little to promote a
hierarchical structuring of society, but it was used for some time to
give legitimacy to the ruling clan of Japan (Littleton, 1999).</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> As
we can see, tradition and religion are highly mingled in Asian
society. Indeed, in some cases such as Hindi, it can be hard to
separate the religion from the culture. However, three of the major
religions of the area, Hindi, Confucianism, and Shinto, all in
someway embody the cultural traditions of the local people and
reinforce them. In Asia, it would appear that religion is more of a
philosophical view on how to live life based on cultural tradition,
than some grand aspirations to a bountiful afterlife.</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><br/>
</p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%; page-break-before: always">
<br/>
</p>
<p align="center" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">RESOURCES</font></p>
<p style="margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in; margin-bottom: 0.08in; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal">
<font color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman">Haruko, O.
(n.d.).&nbsp;<i>Women and Sexism in Shinto</i>. [online]
Nirc.nanzan-u.ac.jp. Available at:
https://nirc.nanzan-u.ac.jp/nfile/3517 [Accessed 22 Apr. 2018].</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in; margin-bottom: 0.08in; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal">
<font color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman">Iskconeducationalservices.org.
(n.d.).&nbsp;<i>Heart of Hinduism: Family Life</i>. [online]
Available at:
http://iskconeducationalservices.org/HoH/lifestyle/904.htm [Accessed
22 Apr. 2018].</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in; margin-bottom: 0.08in; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal">
<font color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman">Littleton, S.
(1999).&nbsp;<i>Shinto</i>. pp.144-161.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in; margin-bottom: 0.08in; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal">
<font color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman">Murphey, Rhodes
and Stapleton, K. (2014).&nbsp;<i>Asian Religions and Their Cultures.
In A History of Asia</i>. 7th ed. New York: NY: Taylor &amp; Francis
Group, pp.28-46.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in; margin-bottom: 0.08in; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal">
<font color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman">Nigosian, S.
(2000).&nbsp;<i>World Religions: A Historical Approach</i>. 3rd ed.
Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, pp.20-57.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in; margin-bottom: 0.08in; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal">
<font color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman">Tucker, M.
(n.d.).&nbsp;<i>Confucianism | Religion | Yale Forum on Religion and
Ecology</i>. [online] Fore.yale.edu. Available at:
http://fore.yale.edu/religion/confucianism/ [Accessed 22 Apr. 2018].</font></font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><br/>
</p>
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<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
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<meta name="generator" content="LibreOffice 6.0.5.2 (Linux)"/>
<meta name="created" content="2018-01-05T14:03:39.991112897"/>
<meta name="changed" content="2018-04-22T12:43:55.462971233"/>
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<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0.2in; line-height: 100%">TITLE
OF PAPER <sdfield type=PAGE subtype=RANDOM format=PAGE>0</sdfield></p>
</div>
<p align="center" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><br/>
</p>
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</p>
<p align="center" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Title
of Paper</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Sub
Title</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Joseph
J. Green</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Northern
Arizona University</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Note
to the professor: </font>
</p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">The
promptsh choosen were:</font></p>
<ol>
<li/>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Group
welfare over individual interest</font></p>
<li/>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Awareness
of and importance attached to the past</font></p>
<li/>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Importance
and nobility of agriculture</font></p>
<li/>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Hirearchle
structuring of society</font></p>
<li/>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Subjigation
and submission of women</font></p>
<li/>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Importance
of extended family</font></p>
</ol>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%; page-break-before: always">
<br/>
</p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><br/>
</p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Mention
how these have been incorporated into various religious tradition.</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><br/>
</p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><br/>
</p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><br/>
</p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">intro</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">1
Confusianism</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Group
welfare over individual interest</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Encourage
rebellion against the unjust</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Awareness
of and importance attached to the past</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Reccomends
that people must self-cultivate to remain moral (ASIAN RELIGIONS AND
THEIR CULTURES)</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Importance
and nobility of agriculture</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Encouraged
cultivation of the land (YALE)</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Hierarchical
order</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Confucius
and Mencius provided doctrinal support for such systems. (Asian
religions and their cultures)</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Subjigation
and submission of women</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Greatest
fillial sin is to have no desendants.</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Women
don’t count</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Importance
of extended family</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Reflects
joy of life, encourages reproduction.</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Eldest
son will perform household rituals to keep memories of ancestors
alive</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">2
Hindu</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Group
welfare over individual interest</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> The
caste system. The four meaningful ranks of caste provide religious
and military leadership as well as economic sustainability.</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Awareness
of and importance attached to the past</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Any
creature could be a reincarnation of a past person, past karma, and
previous life karma (HINDUISM)</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Importance
and nobility of agriculture</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Farmers
are in the third rank of the caste society along with Merchants but
below the Religous leaders and the rulers. (HINDUISM)</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%">
<font face="Times New Roman, serif">Hirearchle structuring of society</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> The
caste system (ASIAN RELIGIONS AND THEIR CULTURES)</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Subjigation
and submission of women</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Female
goddess took on the grimmer aspects of Shiva (ASIAN RELIGIONA AT
CULT)</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> In
Hindu culture, the women must never be independent. Subject of their
fathers, husbands, or sons. (HINDUISM)</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">*
Importance of extended family</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Basic
building block of society, multiple generations living together (ISK)</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><br/>
</p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><br/>
</p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">3
Shinto</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Group
welfare over individual interest</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Shrines
are local. Kami are worshiped to bring good tidings to the local
area.</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Awareness
of and importance attached to the past</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Spirtual
focus on divine ansestors of particular clans or lineages</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Importance
and nobility of agriculture</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Kanti
are worshiped to bring good harvest</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Hirearchle
structuring of society</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Shinto
gave legitamicy to the emperor</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Subjigation
and submission of women</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Unlike
other Asian cultures, Japan, which Shinto is nearly exclusive to, did
not share the same desire for the complete subjigation and submission
of women. Thoughout history, women were permitted to hold high office
in Japan. Though, there had been some regressions for women within
Shinto’s history, women have enjoyed a high role in Shinto culture.
(NANZAN)</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">outro</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><br/>
</p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><br/>
</p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><br/>
</p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><br/>
</p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><br/>
</p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><br/>
</p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><br/>
</p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><a href="https://nirc.nanzan-u.ac.jp/nfile/3517">https://nirc.nanzan-u.ac.jp/nfile/3517</a></font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><a href="http://iskconeducationalservices.org/HoH/lifestyle/904.htm">http://iskconeducationalservices.org/HoH/lifestyle/904.htm</a></font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><a href="http://fore.yale.edu/religion/confucianism/">http://fore.yale.edu/religion/confucianism/</a></font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Asian
religions and their cultures</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Shinto</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Hinduism</font></p>
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<p align="center" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">RESOURCES</font></p>
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<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0.2in; line-height: 100%">KUMBH
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<p align="center" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Kumbh
Mela</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Importance</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Joseph
J. Green</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Northern
Arizona University</font></p>
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<font face="Times New Roman, serif"> The Kumbh Mela festival is an
important ancient festival, religious pilgrimage, and temporary city
from Hindu tradition. The festival’s history is linked with ancient
Hindu tradition, and has much spiritual significance. However, as a
subject of study and testing, the festival also has great
significance outside of religious contexts.</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> In
the Hindu tradition, there was a mythical war between the Devas and
the Asuras over the Nectar of Immortality. This resulted in drops of
nectar spilled over four spots on earth which now contain the cities
of Haridwar, Prayag, Ujjain, and Nashik. It is within one of these
four cities that the Kumbh Mela springs up. The festival happens
every 12 years during the cycle when the sun, moon, and Jupiter are
all within the Leo constellation (Cameraculture.media.mit.edu, 2015).
The festival has been said to have started in the early first
millennium, and has been going on ever since (Gsd.harvard.edu, n.d.).
What’s most interesting about this festival is that all the
infrastructure relating to the festival only exists once every 12
years, for a period of 40 days, before it is torn down
(Depts.ttu.edu, 2017), and the land is used for various agricultural
needs between festivals (Gsd.harvard.edu, n.d.).</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> The
Kumbh Mela is exceptionally significant in terms of religion and
human gatherings. This festival is the largest pilgrimage in the
world with over 100 million attendees (Depts.ttu.edu, 2017). Many
consider this festival to be a sort of pop-up mega city which also
makes it the largest city in the world, even if it only exists for a
short period of time every 12 years. This is reminiscent of a more
recent American event in which more than 70,000 people gather every
year to create Black Rock City that exists only for one week
(Scallan, 2018). During this festival, pilgrims use this time to
express individual as well as collective expressions of faith. What
makes this pilgrimage especially significant to Hindus’, indeed the
primary purpose of the journey, is the prospect of potentially
breaking the cycle of reincarnation and hopefully ascend to heaven
after death. The people gather to bathe themselves in the “three
sacred rivers in India, the Ganges, the Yamuna and the mythical
Saraswati, to touch the divine and wash away their sins”
(Depts.ttu.edu, 2017). What greater significance could a Hindu seek
than to achieve paradise?</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Outside
of the obvious religious importance of the event, the Kumbh Mela
provides an opportunity to encourage the adoption and spread
non-religious ideas. One such idea that has been implemented is the
idea of mass vaccinations. When the infrastructure to support the
festival is created, that brings with it the full infrastructure of
any city from basic sanitation to medical facilities. With this
infrastructure, and its incredible amount of visitors, it provides an
ideal place to provide vaccinations to the public (Gsd.harvard.edu,
n.d.). It’s also a great time to encourage technological
advancements in the medical field. For example, a Harvard project
from the South Asia Institute, the Jane Swasthya Project, looks to
surveil health during the festival to prevent disease outbreak. This
surveillance has already proven beneficial when a mobile health
surveillance system detected an outbreak of diarrhea which quickly
prompted the government to respond by testing the waters. Another
success from the project introduced the idea of using tablets by the
medical professionals. The tablets were used to input patient data
from the various attendees, and the software would try to track
illness patterns. The team was initially told that medical
professionals wouldn’t see value in the system, but after having
training and using the tablets in the field, the medical
professionals began to see the value. The local government, after
seeing the benefits, decided to sponsor the systems, and it is hoped
that mass adoption to daily practice will occur (Feldscher, 2015).</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> There
is one more important general idea that can be gained simply by
studying the festival. The idea of successful temporary cities. This
is a gathering of over 100 million people where physically and metal
safety is exceptionally important. The more success this festivals
sees, the more relevant it is to study it for other purposes. For
example, there could be a situation where a large group of people
leave a country for various political reasons such as when the United
State invaded Iraq and many people fled the country to escape the
violence (Humanitieswritlarge.duke.edu, 2016). For other countries to
accept these refugees, they need a way to house and care for them in
a humane fashion. Observing how the Kumbh Mela manages its temporary
city could help countries accepting refuges create an adequate place
to keep them. Similarly, these studies could help care for people
temporarily displaced by disasters such as those who were displaced
by the damages caused by hurricane Katrina (Locke, n.d.).</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Not
only is the Kumbh Mela historically an important Hindu event, it is
also a significant contribution to human ingenuity. The Hindu people
are cleansed of their sins and obtain a shot at paradise. Every 12
years, an impressive infrastructure is built to include all the
necessities to care for more than 100 million period for about a
month and a half before it is torn down. The Kumbh Mela is truly a
marvel of humanity. All thanks to a mythical war over the Nectar of
Immortality.</font></p>
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<p align="center" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">RESOURCES</font></p>
<p style="margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in; margin-bottom: 0.08in; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal">
<font color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman">Cameraculture.media.mit.edu.
(2015).&nbsp;<i>Kumbh Mela – The World’s Largest Moving City |
Camera Culture</i>. [online] Available at:
http://cameraculture.media.mit.edu/kumbh-mela-the-worlds-largest-moving-city/
[Accessed 21 Apr. 2018].</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in; margin-bottom: 0.08in; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal">
<font color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman">Depts.ttu.edu.
(2017).&nbsp;<i>India’s Kumbh Mela (Festival of the Pot) | OIA
Events | International Affairs | TTU</i>. [online] Available at:
https://www.depts.ttu.edu/international/events/2017/kumbhmela.php
[Accessed 21 Apr. 2018].</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in; margin-bottom: 0.08in; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal">
<font color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman">Feldscher, K.
(2015).&nbsp;<i>Tracking disease at the world’s largest religious
festival • Lakshmi Mittal South Asia Institute</i>. [online]
Lakshmi Mittal South Asia Institute. Available at:
https://southasiainstitute.harvard.edu/kumbh-mela/post/tracking-disease-at-the-worlds-largest-religious-festival/
[Accessed 21 Apr. 2018].</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in; margin-bottom: 0.08in; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal">
<font color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman">Gsd.harvard.edu.
(n.d.).&nbsp;<i>Kumbh Mela - Harvard Graduate School of Design</i>.
[online] Available at: http://www.gsd.harvard.edu/project/kumbh-mela/
[Accessed 21 Apr. 2018].</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in; margin-bottom: 0.08in; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal">
<font color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman">Humanitieswritlarge.duke.edu.
(2016).&nbsp;<i>Arab Refugee Oral History | Humanities Writ Large</i>.
[online] Available at:
https://humanitieswritlarge.duke.edu/projects/arab-refugee-oral-history
[Accessed 21 Apr. 2018].</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in; margin-bottom: 0.08in; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal">
<font color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman">Locke, W.
(n.d.).&nbsp;<i>Understanding Katrina</i>. [online] Hurricane
Katrina. Available at:
https://serc.carleton.edu/research_education/katrina/understanding.html
[Accessed 21 Apr. 2018].</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in; margin-bottom: 0.08in">
<font face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-variant: normal"><font color="#000000"><span style="letter-spacing: normal"><span style="font-style: normal"><span style="font-weight: normal">Scallan,
M. (2018).&nbsp;</span></span></span></font></span><span style="font-variant: normal"><font color="#000000"><span style="letter-spacing: normal"><i><span style="font-weight: normal">Once
each year, a city pops up in a desert. See the art of Burning Man
without the dust</span></i></span></font></span><span style="font-variant: normal"><font color="#000000"><span style="letter-spacing: normal"><span style="font-style: normal"><span style="font-weight: normal">.
[online] Smithsonian Insider. Available at:
https://insider.si.edu/2018/04/once-each-year-a-city-pops-up-in-a-desert-see-the-art-of-burning-man-without-the-dust/
[Accessed 21 Apr. 2018].</span></span></span></font></span></font></p>
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Title</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Joseph
J. Green</font></p>
<p align="center" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Northern
Arizona University</font></p>
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<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Research
the Kumbh Mela festival, including its history and significance.
Think about why is the Kumbh Mela so important to Hindus. In a
750-1000 word essay, examine the relationship between the Kumbh Mela
festival and Hinduism</font></p>
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<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">intro</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">1
history</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> The
story goes, in the Hindu tradition, that during a mythical war
between the Devas and the Asuras over the Amrita, or Nectar of
Immortality, four drops of nectar spilled over four spots on Earth
(MIT)</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Began
in the early first milinium (HARVARD)</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Pop
up mega city… doesn’t exist except for 40 days every 12 years
(TTU)</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">2
significance</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> The
idea of the temporary city and making it work.</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Can
be used for things like refugess from diasters or war (harvard)</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Can
be the idea for non-religous festivles like burning man</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Worlds
biggest religious pilgrimage. Over 100 million (TTU)</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Wash
away sins (TTU)</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Individual
and collective expressions of faith (Harvard)</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">3
importance</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> mass
vaccinations (HARVARD)</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Bathing
in the rivers to break reincarnation (TTU)</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"> Great
way to introduce new ideas and track health (SOUTH ASIA HARVARD)</font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">outro</font></p>
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</p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><a href="http://www.gsd.harvard.edu/project/kumbh-mela/">http://www.gsd.harvard.edu/project/kumbh-mela/</a></font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><a href="https://www.depts.ttu.edu/international/events/2017/kumbhmela.php">https://www.depts.ttu.edu/international/events/2017/kumbhmela.php</a></font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><a href="https://southasiainstitute.harvard.edu/kumbh-mela/post/tracking-disease-at-the-worlds-largest-religious-festival/">https://southasiainstitute.harvard.edu/kumbh-mela/post/tracking-disease-at-the-worlds-largest-religious-festival/</a></font></p>
<p align="left" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 200%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><a href="http://cameraculture.media.mit.edu/kumbh-mela-the-worlds-largest-moving-city/">http://cameraculture.media.mit.edu/kumbh-mela-the-worlds-largest-moving-city/</a></font></p>
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