From 92eb0c4e0ffef3ba571dcfa2bf11a51f73f58302 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: logen Date: Sat, 28 Jul 2018 15:18:05 -0400 Subject: [PATCH] Started dealing with my school stuff --- index.html | 2 +- oldsite/index.html | 2 +- .../essays/AsianCultureinReligion.html | 184 ++++++++++++++ .../essays/AsianCultureinReligion.odt | Bin 0 -> 13237 bytes .../essays/AsianCultureinReligion_notes.html | 234 ++++++++++++++++++ .../essays/AsianCultureinReligion_notes.odt | Bin 0 -> 13874 bytes school_essays/essays/KumbhMelaImportance.html | 195 +++++++++++++++ school_essays/essays/KumbhMelaImportance.odt | Bin 0 -> 13382 bytes .../essays/KumbhMelaImportance_notes.html | 152 ++++++++++++ .../essays/KumbhMelaImportance_notes.odt | Bin 0 -> 11106 bytes school_essays/index.html | 19 ++ 11 files changed, 786 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) create mode 100644 school_essays/essays/AsianCultureinReligion.html create mode 100644 school_essays/essays/AsianCultureinReligion.odt create mode 100644 school_essays/essays/AsianCultureinReligion_notes.html create mode 100644 school_essays/essays/AsianCultureinReligion_notes.odt create mode 100644 school_essays/essays/KumbhMelaImportance.html create mode 100644 school_essays/essays/KumbhMelaImportance.odt create mode 100644 school_essays/essays/KumbhMelaImportance_notes.html create mode 100644 school_essays/essays/KumbhMelaImportance_notes.odt create mode 100644 school_essays/index.html diff --git a/index.html b/index.html index 22a4ae9..31162f2 100644 --- a/index.html +++ b/index.html @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@

Critical Sarcasm

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04-Jul-2017 - I Suck

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Old Ass Sudotask

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diff --git a/school_essays/essays/AsianCultureinReligion.html b/school_essays/essays/AsianCultureinReligion.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..546c898 --- /dev/null +++ b/school_essays/essays/AsianCultureinReligion.html @@ -0,0 +1,184 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +
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ASIAN + CULTURE 0

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Asian +Culture in Religion

+

Joseph +J. Green

+

Northern +Arizona University

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+ Asian cultures are lush with +traditions that have been canonized or reinforced by their various +philosophies and religions. Traditions such as group welfare, +importance of the past, importance of agriculture, societal +hierarchy, subjugation of women, and the importance of extended +family. Three of the major Asian religions, Confucianism, Hinduism, +and Shinto contain many of these cultural tendencies.

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Mainly +in China, while it is debatable whether it is more of a philosophy or +a religion, Confucianism took hold early on, and it has helped govern +Chinese life ever sense. The Chinese have always maintained a strict +hierarchical order, and Confucius and Mencius, a major contributor to +Confucianism, canonized the common practice as the right and moral +thing to do. Confucianism also encourages people to organize and +rebel against the unjust for the good all, though in practice, people +rarely rebelled against unjust fathers. Confucius also stressed that, +while people are born moral, they must also study the histories and +educate themselves if they have any chance of remaining moral +throughout life. The general positive outlook on life that the +Chinese maintained was also embraced in Confucianism by encouraging +people to follow the traditions of a good long life and to die only +when surrounded by descendants. Indeed, Mencius said that the +greatest filial sin is to have no descendants, which, of course, +meant specifically male descendants as women were married off to +become part of someone else’s household which is one way +Confucianism supported, somewhat, the subjugated role of women in +Chinese society (Murphey, Rhodes and Stapleton, 2014). Along with +educating and culturing one’s self, Confucius also promoted the +cultivation of the land (Tucker, n.d.), which is the base importance +of an agrarian society as the Chinese were and largely still are.

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While +Confucianism incorporated much of Chinese culture and has had such +profound influence on them, no religion is as closely tied with its +people as Hinduism is with the people of the Indian subcontinent. +Hinduism defines the caste system that the Indian people follow. In +an effort to maintain a hierarchical order, leadership, and +economics, Hinduism defines what group of people are responsible for +what tasks which greatly protects both group welfare, and the +hierarchical order. The caste system consists of four primary +societal ranks to maintain society and a pseud fifth class which is +for people without a caste. The first two castes define the order of +leadership, first the priestly class and then the ruling class. The +third class is reserved for the farmers and merchants of society to +keep the people fed and the economy strong, this also shows that +farmers are regarded as the highest rank under the leadership which +shows just how important agriculture is to the faith. The last true +rank is that of their laborers who provide labor and service for the +top three rungs of society. Hinduism also professes a love of all +living things, and recommends against taking life. This is embodied +for their reverence of past living things and the concept of +reincarnation. No one knows if the animal (s)he kills was an honored +ancestor, so it is best to avoid it. Unfortunately for women, they do +not fit very highly in the Hindu culture. It is declared that women +must never be independent, that they must first be subjects of their +fathers, then husbands, and then, if her husband is dead, her sons +(Murphey, Rhodes and Stapleton, 2014; Nigosian, 2000). Hindus also +typically place importance on the extended family which can be seen +by the fact that multiple generations of families have a tendency to +live together (Iskconeducationalservices.org, n.d.).

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Japan, +which is the primary basin of Shinto, holds a special place in Asian +culture by being a largely isolated island throughout much of the +development of Asia. Unlike other Asian cultures, Japanese women +actually had the ability to hold some amount of power instead of +being largely subjugated. For much of its history, Shinto actually +required women to take an active part in the religion in order for it +to work. Though there was a short period of Shinto history where +women were no longer required in the practice of Shinto, throughout +history women have enjoyed the ability to take on high roles in +Japanese culture which is reflected in Shinto (Haruko, n.d.). Unlike +other religions, Shinto is much more localized and therefore only +shares a few common Kami across the country. This also means that, +unlike the other religions discussed, Shinto doesn’t look for group +welfare in quite the same all-encompassing way, but has a focus on +the welfare of the local communities that build the shrines. Shinto +also professes an attachment to the past in the form of ancestor +worship. Shinto practitioners often worship ancestors of particular +clans or lineages as Kami for good fortune. Being an animistic +religion, it shouldn’t be surprising that Shinto puts a great +influence on agriculture as agriculture is the source of life which +makes it only natural to ascribe Kami to it for good tidings. Also +unlike other Asian religions, Shinto does little to promote a +hierarchical structuring of society, but it was used for some time to +give legitimacy to the ruling clan of Japan (Littleton, 1999).

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As +we can see, tradition and religion are highly mingled in Asian +society. Indeed, in some cases such as Hindi, it can be hard to +separate the religion from the culture. However, three of the major +religions of the area, Hindi, Confucianism, and Shinto, all in +someway embody the cultural traditions of the local people and +reinforce them. In Asia, it would appear that religion is more of a +philosophical view on how to live life based on cultural tradition, +than some grand aspirations to a bountiful afterlife.

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RESOURCES

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+Haruko, O. +(n.d.). Women and Sexism in Shinto. [online] +Nirc.nanzan-u.ac.jp. Available at: +https://nirc.nanzan-u.ac.jp/nfile/3517 [Accessed 22 Apr. 2018].

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+Iskconeducationalservices.org. +(n.d.). Heart of Hinduism: Family Life. [online] +Available at: +http://iskconeducationalservices.org/HoH/lifestyle/904.htm [Accessed +22 Apr. 2018].

+

+Littleton, S. +(1999). Shinto. pp.144-161.

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+Murphey, Rhodes +and Stapleton, K. (2014). Asian Religions and Their Cultures. +In A History of Asia. 7th ed. New York: NY: Taylor & Francis +Group, pp.28-46.

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+Nigosian, S. +(2000). World Religions: A Historical Approach. 3rd ed. +Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, pp.20-57.

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+Tucker, M. +(n.d.). Confucianism | Religion | Yale Forum on Religion and +Ecology. [online] Fore.yale.edu. Available at: +http://fore.yale.edu/religion/confucianism/ [Accessed 22 Apr. 2018].

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+

TITLE + OF PAPER 0

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+ +

+

Title +of Paper

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Sub +Title

+

Joseph +J. Green

+

Northern +Arizona University

+

Note +to the professor: +

+

The +promptsh choosen were:

+
    +
  1. +

    Group + welfare over individual interest

    +
  2. +

    Awareness + of and importance attached to the past

    +
  3. +

    Importance + and nobility of agriculture

    +
  4. +

    Hirearchle + structuring of society

    +
  5. +

    Subjigation + and submission of women

    +
  6. +

    Importance + of extended family

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Mention +how these have been incorporated into various religious tradition.

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+ +

+

intro

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1 +Confusianism

+

Group +welfare over individual interest

+

Encourage +rebellion against the unjust

+

Awareness +of and importance attached to the past

+

Reccomends +that people must self-cultivate to remain moral (ASIAN RELIGIONS AND +THEIR CULTURES)

+

Importance +and nobility of agriculture

+

Encouraged +cultivation of the land (YALE)

+

Hierarchical +order

+

Confucius +and Mencius provided doctrinal support for such systems. (Asian +religions and their cultures)

+

Subjigation +and submission of women

+

Greatest +fillial sin is to have no desendants.

+

Women +don’t count

+

Importance +of extended family

+

Reflects +joy of life, encourages reproduction.

+

Eldest +son will perform household rituals to keep memories of ancestors +alive

+

2 +Hindu

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Group +welfare over individual interest

+

The +caste system. The four meaningful ranks of caste provide religious +and military leadership as well as economic sustainability.

+

Awareness +of and importance attached to the past

+

Any +creature could be a reincarnation of a past person, past karma, and +previous life karma (HINDUISM)

+

Importance +and nobility of agriculture

+

Farmers +are in the third rank of the caste society along with Merchants but +below the Religous leaders and the rulers. (HINDUISM)

+

+Hirearchle structuring of society

+

The +caste system (ASIAN RELIGIONS AND THEIR CULTURES)

+

Subjigation +and submission of women

+

Female +goddess took on the grimmer aspects of Shiva (ASIAN RELIGIONA AT +CULT)

+

In +Hindu culture, the women must never be independent. Subject of their +fathers, husbands, or sons. (HINDUISM)

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* +Importance of extended family

+

Basic +building block of society, multiple generations living together (ISK)

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+ +

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3 +Shinto

+

Group +welfare over individual interest

+

Shrines +are local. Kami are worshiped to bring good tidings to the local +area.

+

Awareness +of and importance attached to the past

+

Spirtual +focus on divine ansestors of particular clans or lineages

+

Importance +and nobility of agriculture

+

Kanti +are worshiped to bring good harvest

+

Hirearchle +structuring of society

+

Shinto +gave legitamicy to the emperor

+

Subjigation +and submission of women

+

Unlike +other Asian cultures, Japan, which Shinto is nearly exclusive to, did +not share the same desire for the complete subjigation and submission +of women. Thoughout history, women were permitted to hold high office +in Japan. Though, there had been some regressions for women within +Shinto’s history, women have enjoyed a high role in Shinto culture. +(NANZAN)

+

outro

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+ +

+

https://nirc.nanzan-u.ac.jp/nfile/3517

+

http://iskconeducationalservices.org/HoH/lifestyle/904.htm

+

http://fore.yale.edu/religion/confucianism/

+

Asian +religions and their cultures

+

Shinto

+

Hinduism

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RESOURCES

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+ +

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Kumbh +Mela

+

Importance

+

Joseph +J. Green

+

Northern +Arizona University

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+ The Kumbh Mela festival is an +important ancient festival, religious pilgrimage, and temporary city +from Hindu tradition. The festival’s history is linked with ancient +Hindu tradition, and has much spiritual significance. However, as a +subject of study and testing, the festival also has great +significance outside of religious contexts.

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In +the Hindu tradition, there was a mythical war between the Devas and +the Asuras over the Nectar of Immortality. This resulted in drops of +nectar spilled over four spots on earth which now contain the cities +of Haridwar, Prayag, Ujjain, and Nashik. It is within one of these +four cities that the Kumbh Mela springs up. The festival happens +every 12 years during the cycle when the sun, moon, and Jupiter are +all within the Leo constellation (Cameraculture.media.mit.edu, 2015). +The festival has been said to have started in the early first +millennium, and has been going on ever since (Gsd.harvard.edu, n.d.). +What’s most interesting about this festival is that all the +infrastructure relating to the festival only exists once every 12 +years, for a period of 40 days, before it is torn down +(Depts.ttu.edu, 2017), and the land is used for various agricultural +needs between festivals (Gsd.harvard.edu, n.d.).

+

The +Kumbh Mela is exceptionally significant in terms of religion and +human gatherings. This festival is the largest pilgrimage in the +world with over 100 million attendees (Depts.ttu.edu, 2017). Many +consider this festival to be a sort of pop-up mega city which also +makes it the largest city in the world, even if it only exists for a +short period of time every 12 years. This is reminiscent of a more +recent American event in which more than 70,000 people gather every +year to create Black Rock City that exists only for one week +(Scallan, 2018). During this festival, pilgrims use this time to +express individual as well as collective expressions of faith. What +makes this pilgrimage especially significant to Hindus’, indeed the +primary purpose of the journey, is the prospect of potentially +breaking the cycle of reincarnation and hopefully ascend to heaven +after death. The people gather to bathe themselves in the “three +sacred rivers in India, the Ganges, the Yamuna and the mythical +Saraswati, to touch the divine and wash away their sins” +(Depts.ttu.edu, 2017). What greater significance could a Hindu seek +than to achieve paradise?

+

Outside +of the obvious religious importance of the event, the Kumbh Mela +provides an opportunity to encourage the adoption and spread +non-religious ideas. One such idea that has been implemented is the +idea of mass vaccinations. When the infrastructure to support the +festival is created, that brings with it the full infrastructure of +any city from basic sanitation to medical facilities. With this +infrastructure, and its incredible amount of visitors, it provides an +ideal place to provide vaccinations to the public (Gsd.harvard.edu, +n.d.). It’s also a great time to encourage technological +advancements in the medical field. For example, a Harvard project +from the South Asia Institute, the Jane Swasthya Project, looks to +surveil health during the festival to prevent disease outbreak. This +surveillance has already proven beneficial when a mobile health +surveillance system detected an outbreak of diarrhea which quickly +prompted the government to respond by testing the waters. Another +success from the project introduced the idea of using tablets by the +medical professionals. The tablets were used to input patient data +from the various attendees, and the software would try to track +illness patterns. The team was initially told that medical +professionals wouldn’t see value in the system, but after having +training and using the tablets in the field, the medical +professionals began to see the value. The local government, after +seeing the benefits, decided to sponsor the systems, and it is hoped +that mass adoption to daily practice will occur (Feldscher, 2015).

+

There +is one more important general idea that can be gained simply by +studying the festival. The idea of successful temporary cities. This +is a gathering of over 100 million people where physically and metal +safety is exceptionally important. The more success this festivals +sees, the more relevant it is to study it for other purposes. For +example, there could be a situation where a large group of people +leave a country for various political reasons such as when the United +State invaded Iraq and many people fled the country to escape the +violence (Humanitieswritlarge.duke.edu, 2016). For other countries to +accept these refugees, they need a way to house and care for them in +a humane fashion. Observing how the Kumbh Mela manages its temporary +city could help countries accepting refuges create an adequate place +to keep them. Similarly, these studies could help care for people +temporarily displaced by disasters such as those who were displaced +by the damages caused by hurricane Katrina (Locke, n.d.).

+

Not +only is the Kumbh Mela historically an important Hindu event, it is +also a significant contribution to human ingenuity. The Hindu people +are cleansed of their sins and obtain a shot at paradise. Every 12 +years, an impressive infrastructure is built to include all the +necessities to care for more than 100 million period for about a +month and a half before it is torn down. The Kumbh Mela is truly a +marvel of humanity. All thanks to a mythical war over the Nectar of +Immortality.

+

+
+ +

+

RESOURCES

+

+Cameraculture.media.mit.edu. +(2015). Kumbh Mela – The World’s Largest Moving City | +Camera Culture. [online] Available at: +http://cameraculture.media.mit.edu/kumbh-mela-the-worlds-largest-moving-city/ +[Accessed 21 Apr. 2018].

+

+Depts.ttu.edu. +(2017). India’s Kumbh Mela (Festival of the Pot) | OIA +Events | International Affairs | TTU. [online] Available at: +https://www.depts.ttu.edu/international/events/2017/kumbhmela.php +[Accessed 21 Apr. 2018].

+

+Feldscher, K. +(2015). Tracking disease at the world’s largest religious +festival • Lakshmi Mittal South Asia Institute. [online] +Lakshmi Mittal South Asia Institute. Available at: +https://southasiainstitute.harvard.edu/kumbh-mela/post/tracking-disease-at-the-worlds-largest-religious-festival/ +[Accessed 21 Apr. 2018].

+

+Gsd.harvard.edu. +(n.d.). Kumbh Mela - Harvard Graduate School of Design. +[online] Available at: http://www.gsd.harvard.edu/project/kumbh-mela/ +[Accessed 21 Apr. 2018].

+

+Humanitieswritlarge.duke.edu. +(2016). Arab Refugee Oral History | Humanities Writ Large. +[online] Available at: +https://humanitieswritlarge.duke.edu/projects/arab-refugee-oral-history +[Accessed 21 Apr. 2018].

+

+Locke, W. +(n.d.). Understanding Katrina. [online] Hurricane +Katrina. Available at: +https://serc.carleton.edu/research_education/katrina/understanding.html +[Accessed 21 Apr. 2018].

+

+Scallan, +M. (2018). Once +each year, a city pops up in a desert. See the art of Burning Man +without the dust. +[online] Smithsonian Insider. Available at: +https://insider.si.edu/2018/04/once-each-year-a-city-pops-up-in-a-desert-see-the-art-of-burning-man-without-the-dust/ +[Accessed 21 Apr. 2018].

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Joseph +J. Green

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Northern +Arizona University

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Research +the Kumbh Mela festival, including its history and significance. +Think about why is the Kumbh Mela so important to Hindus. In a +750-1000 word essay, examine the relationship between the Kumbh Mela +festival and Hinduism

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intro

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1 +history

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The +story goes, in the Hindu tradition, that during a mythical war +between the Devas and the Asuras over the Amrita, or Nectar of +Immortality, four drops of nectar spilled over four spots on Earth +(MIT)

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Began +in the early first milinium (HARVARD)

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Pop +up mega city… doesn’t exist except for 40 days every 12 years +(TTU)

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2 +significance

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The +idea of the temporary city and making it work.

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Can +be used for things like refugess from diasters or war (harvard)

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Can +be the idea for non-religous festivles like burning man

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Worlds +biggest religious pilgrimage. Over 100 million (TTU)

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Wash +away sins (TTU)

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Individual +and collective expressions of faith (Harvard)

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3 +importance

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mass +vaccinations (HARVARD)

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Bathing +in the rivers to break reincarnation (TTU)

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Great +way to introduce new ideas and track health (SOUTH ASIA HARVARD)

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outro

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http://www.gsd.harvard.edu/project/kumbh-mela/

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https://www.depts.ttu.edu/international/events/2017/kumbhmela.php

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https://southasiainstitute.harvard.edu/kumbh-mela/post/tracking-disease-at-the-worlds-largest-religious-festival/

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http://cameraculture.media.mit.edu/kumbh-mela-the-worlds-largest-moving-city/

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RESOURCES

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