# Pango Markup

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## EuGTK 4.12.0

# Pango Markup

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### Markup

While you can set text font, size and style for most Gtk widgets using normal method calls, this affects all text displayed by that widget. Changing only selected portions of the text cannot be done that way. Instead, we can use a subset of HTML to embed changes within the text string.

Quote from the Pango Docs (formatting added)

> ### Pango Text Attribute Markup Language

> Frequently, you want to display some text to the user with attributes applied to part of the text (for example, you might want bold or italicized words). With the base Pango interfaces, you could create a PangoAttrList and apply it to the text; the problem is that you'd need to apply attributes to some numeric range of characters, for example "characters 12-17." This is broken from an internationalization standpoint; once the text is translated, the word you wanted to italicize could be in a different position.

> The solution is to include the text attributes in the string to be translated. Pango provides this feature with a small markup language...

> A simple example of a marked-up string might be: "<span foreground='blue' size='x-large'>Blue text</span> is <i>cool</i>!"

> Pango uses #GMarkup to parse this language, which means that XML features such as numeric character entities such as &#169; for © can be used too.

> The root tag of a marked-up document is <markup>, but pango_parse_markup() allows you to omit this tag, so you will most likely never need to use it. The most general markup tag is <span>, then there are some convenience tags. <span> has the following attributes:

> Attributes
> font, font_desc | A font description string, such as "Sans Italic 12". See pango_font_description_from_string() for a description of the format of the string representation . Note that any other span attributes will override this description. So if you have "Sans Italic" and also a style="normal" attribute, you will get Sans normal, not italic.
> font_family, face | A font family name
> font_size, size | Font size in 1024ths of a point, or one of the absolute sizes 'xx-small', 'x-small', 'small', 'medium', 'large', 'x-large', 'xx-large', or one of the relative sizes 'smaller' or 'larger'. If you want to specify a absolute size, it's usually easier to take advantage of the ability to specify a partial font description using 'font'; you can use font='12.5' rather than size='12800'
> font_style, style | One of 'normal', 'oblique', 'italic'
> font_weight, weight | One of 'ultralight', 'light', 'normal', 'bold', 'ultrabold', 'heavy', or a numeric weight
> font_variant, variant | One of 'normal' or 'smallcaps'
> font_stretch, stretch | One of 'ultracondensed', 'extracondensed', 'condensed', 'semicondensed', 'normal', 'semiexpanded', 'expanded', 'extraexpanded', 'ultraexpanded'
> foreground, fgcolor, color | An RGB color specification such as '#00FF00' or a color name such as 'red'
> background, bgcolor | An RGB color specification such as '#00FF00' or a color name such as 'red'
> underline | One of 'none', 'single', 'double', 'low', 'error'
> underline_color | The color of underlines; an RGB color specification such as '#00FF00' or a color name such as 'red'
> rise | Vertical displacement, in Pango units. Can be negative for subscript, positive for superscript.
> strikethrough | 'true' or 'false' whether to strike through the text
> strikethrough_color | The color of strikethrough lines; an RGB color specification such as '#00FF00' or a color name such as 'red'
> fallback | 'true' or 'false' whether to enable fallback. If disabled, then characters will only be used from the closest matching font on the system. No fallback will be done to other fonts on the system that might contain the characters in the text. Fallback is enabled by default. Most applications should not disable fallback.
> lang | A language code, indicating the text language
> letter_spacing | Inter-letter spacing in 1024ths of a point.
> gravity | One of 'south', 'east', 'north', 'west', 'auto'.
> gravity_hint | One of 'natural', 'strong', 'line'.
> The following convenience tags are provided:
> <b> | Bold
> <big> | Makes font relatively larger, equivalent to <span size="larger">
> <i> | Italic
> <s> | Strikethrough
> <sub> | Subscript
> <sup> | Superscript
> <small> | Makes font relatively smaller, equivalent to <span size="smaller">
> <tt> | Monospace font
> <u> | Underline