From 6e69dd876b8de850e4df0c4be574809b316062a4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: logen Date: Sun, 29 Jul 2018 14:07:14 -0400 Subject: [PATCH] Add criminology --- .../essays/20th_Century_American_Prisons.html | 282 ++++++++++++++++++ .../essays/20th_Century_American_Prisons.odt | Bin 0 -> 15323 bytes .../20th_Century_American_Prisons_notes.html | 196 ++++++++++++ .../20th_Century_American_Prisons_notes.odt | Bin 0 -> 11694 bytes .../20th_Century_American_Prisons_notes2.html | 251 ++++++++++++++++ .../20th_Century_American_Prisons_notes2.odt | Bin 0 -> 13192 bytes school_essays/index.html | 13 + 7 files changed, 742 insertions(+) create mode 100644 school_essays/essays/20th_Century_American_Prisons.html create mode 100644 school_essays/essays/20th_Century_American_Prisons.odt create mode 100644 school_essays/essays/20th_Century_American_Prisons_notes.html create mode 100644 school_essays/essays/20th_Century_American_Prisons_notes.odt create mode 100644 school_essays/essays/20th_Century_American_Prisons_notes2.html create mode 100644 school_essays/essays/20th_Century_American_Prisons_notes2.odt diff --git a/school_essays/essays/20th_Century_American_Prisons.html b/school_essays/essays/20th_Century_American_Prisons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4de1bf1 --- /dev/null +++ b/school_essays/essays/20th_Century_American_Prisons.html @@ -0,0 +1,282 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+

20th + Century 0

+
+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+

20th +Century American Prisons +

+

Joseph +J. Green

+

Northern +Arizona University

+


+ +

+

+ Throughout the 20th +century there were many reforms to the American prison system. We +will take a look at some of the architecture, prisoner programs, and +key developments grouped into three sections, the early, mid, and +late 20th century. We will also take a focus on racial +disparity and female inmates throughout these periods. As we will +see, it appears that the American focus on its prison systems seems +to shift over time, in an almost cyclical way with American attitudes +towards crime and prisoners.

+

Early +20st Century

+

In +the first third of the 20th +century, the focus on penance that was started by the Quakers with +the Pennsylvania prisons (Liberal +Arts Competency, 2015), was +starting to come to an end. Instead, there was a rise on the focus of +individual treatment, educational programs, such as elementary +teachers being present, vocational programs, early release programs, +and indeterminate sentences (Schoenherr, 2009). All +of these programs were designed to encourage prisoners be valuable +members to society upon release, instead of simply giving people time +to think about what they did and repent.

+

Prison +architecture in +the south, often took the form of prison camps where prisoners were +contracted out to plantation owners. Penitentiaries were rather +unpopular in the south, as they had a preference for local, rather +than state, justice, but remained popular in the north. The +north now included +some “big houses” which were prisons capable of holding more than +2500 inmates (Liberal Arts +Competency, 2015). In +these prison systems there was a very real racial disparity, which +we shall see continue. +Blacks in the United states comprised of about 9% of the total +American adult population, yet they made up about 31% of the total +prison population (Liberal +Arts Competency, 2015).

+

This +era saw several key developments to the prison systems. There was a +push for having separate prisons for adults, children, and females +within the prison system (Schoenherr, +2009). This +also saw to the development of the juvenile court systems +(Schoenherr, 2009). +However, male prisoners were +seen as more valuable than +the women who were +put to work for domestic chores which didn’t contribute much to the +prison systems, while the men worked on farms in the south, or built +goods for public sale in the north (Liberal +Arts Competency, 2015).

+

By +the end of the first third of the 20th century, there was +a major move to end contract prison labor (Schoenherr, +2009). It was seen as giving unfair competition to certain +businesses, and eventually resulted in the north ending the contract +system that led to the sale of goods to the public, but the creation +of a system that the prisoners could make goods in which the states +buy, such as license plates (Liberal +Arts Competency, 2015). In the south the states decided to +start buying up their own plantations to put the prisoners to work, +as opposed to contracting them out. +

+

Mid +20th Century

+

The +middle of the century brought some welcome changes for prisoners. The +“Hands Off Doctrine” finally came to an end (Maloney, n.d.). This +doctrine meant that prisoners were essentially slaves to the state. +The doctrine stopped the judicial branch +from interfering with state prison programs. After +it was repealed, there was a huge demand from the prison population +for more rights,. Eventually, +the supreme court began to grant constitutional protections to +prisoners (Liberal Arts +Competency, 2015).

+

This +era saw a return to a focus on rehabilitation for prisoners (Campers, +2012). Prisons began to focus on bringing back education, vocational +rehab, and the like (Campers, 2012), after focus on such things were +lost for a while when the prisons became overcrowded (Liberal +Arts Competency, 2015). An +interest in prisoner rights was also bolstered by the civil +rights movement (Liberal +Arts Competency, 2015). +Diagnosis was added to programs designed to help prisoners, as crime +began to be seen as more of an +act of sickness than willful +crime +(Liberal Arts Competency, +2015). However, +in 1974, Robert Martinson came to the conclusion that “nothing +works” when it comes to rehabilitating people. He came to the +conclusion that no one treatment reduced rates of prisoners returning +to the system after release (Campers, +2012). These findings +ultimately lead to a loss of funding for prisoner rehabilitation +programs (Liberal Arts +Competency, 2015). +

+

Prison +architecture didn’t change too radically by this point. Most +southern states did have at least one central penitentiary now, +but most prisoners were still working on large prison plantation +farms (Liberal Arts +Competency, 2015). However, +there was a new prison design called the “Telephone pole prison” +which began to flourish (Liberal +Arts Competency, 2015).

+

Women +began to receive increased equality in prisons, such as having +similar vocational and treatment programs as did the males (Liberal +Arts Competency, 2015). During this time, prisons were +beginning to see less foreign born Caucasians enter the prison system +(Liberal Arts Competency, 2015), +but had an increase of blacks,. Hispanics, and Native Americans +(Liberal Arts Competency, 2015).

+

19th +Century to Current

+

Next +we find American returning to the theory that crimes are a choice, +not a sickness, and rehabilitation falls out of favor, largely thanks +to Martinson’s findings (Liberal +Arts Competency, 2015). A +reliance on imprisoning serious offenders became the way to +protect society (Liberal Arts +Competency, 2015). +

+

In +this age we find less use for work camps and focus more on putting +people into central holding facilities. Bigger more secure prisons +are created for federal, and some state, criminals (Liberal +Arts Competency, 2015). There is a greater recognition in the +differences between men and women, and treatment programs and +sentencing grows to reflect this. Women are often considered to be a +lower risk to the public, so it is believed that women should have a +greater consideration for community-based sentences (Liberal +Arts Competency, 2015). Blacks continue to be on the rise in +prisons. At this time, Blacks comprised about 12% of the national +population, yet more than 40% of the total prison population.

+

One +key development of this era was the idea of retribution for victims, +instead of just fines to the state or jail time, gets increased +attention. This is good, but there is also an increased focus on +being tougher on crime and the start of the war on drugs. Drug +related crimes get increased punishment and mandatory minimum +sentences are introduced, which leads to an increase of prisoners, +and an increase in prisoners leads to the need for more prisons, or a +revaluation on sentencing laws.

+

Conclusion

+

As +we can see, the prison systems evolve over time. We went from +contract and forced labor of the early 20th century, to +having better rehabilitative programs for a while and increased +rights, to the modern day when rehabilitative programs are less +favorable and an increased desire to imprison more people and for +longer sentences takes over.

+

This +is quite clearly a pattern. We start with trying to save souls prior +to the 20th century which evolves into trying to +rehabilitate people, to an overcrowding relapse, and eventually more +rights and treatment, until we find ourselves back at just throwing +people in prison with no real hope and overcrowding happens once +again. We are due for increased focus on rehabilitating prisoners, +and we must do something about overcrowding. The solution of building +more prisons doesn’t help the situation. It leads to an +embarrassment for the United States as the prison population grows +out of control. We do, however, see an interest in the +decriminalization of drugs in the United States, particularly +regarding marijuana (Governing.com, 2018). Ending the war on drugs is +a clear step in the right direction to lowering our prison +population. As of 2016, 47% (81,900) of federal prisoners were +serving time for a drug offense, and as of 2015, 15% (197,200) of +state prisoners were serving time with a drug offense being their +most severe offense (Drug War Facts, 2018). That’s a lot of people +being forced into the prison system due to the war on drugs, the +clear path to reducing prisoners is to reduce crimes related to +possession. It is clear that it is time for legal reform in order to +reduce the prison population. However, it is not clear that these +laws will change soon, but it is time for a general focus back onto +rehabilitation of prisoners and the prevention of relapse.

+

+

+
+ +

+

RESOURCES

+

+Campers, S. +(2012). A Failing Correctional System: State Prison +Overcrowding in the United States. [online] +Digitalcommons.salve.edu. Available at: +https://digitalcommons.salve.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=1079&context=pell_theses +[Accessed 8 Apr. 2018].

+

+Drug War Facts. +(2018). Number Of People Serving Time For Drug, Violent, +Property, and Other Offenses In US Prisons. [online] Available +at: http://www.drugwarfacts.org/node/2645 [Accessed 8 Apr. 2018].

+

+Governing.com. +(2018). State Marijuana Laws in 2018 Map. [online] +Available at: +http://www.governing.com/gov-data/state-marijuana-laws-map-medical-recreational.html +[Accessed 8 Apr. 2018].

+

+Liberal Arts +Competency 115 Objective 1 Lesson 1. (2015). Pearson Learning +Solutions, pp.34-53.

+

+Maloney, T. +(n.d.). RIGHTS OF DETAINEES AND PRISONERS IN THE UNITED +STATES. [online] Law.ufl.edu. Available at: +https://www.law.ufl.edu/_pdf/academics/centers/cgr/11th_conference/Tim_Maloney_Rights_of_Detainees.pdf +[Accessed 8 Apr. 2018].

+

+Schoenherr, S. +(2009). Prison Reforms in American History. [online] +History.sandiego.edu. Available at: +http://history.sandiego.edu/gen/soc/prison.html [Accessed 8 Apr. +2018].

+


+ +

+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/school_essays/essays/20th_Century_American_Prisons.odt b/school_essays/essays/20th_Century_American_Prisons.odt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..95543c39ce2889ee903ee9a0425503c00ee2eead GIT binary patch literal 15323 zcmbVz19)Z2w(g46LC3Z_PCD$^HaoU$+ji1%cWm3XZ95&CFMaOacjN4R-hFSZZ+^3C zt@Zy^t7fe+YmUE$j5r7=G5`Px0Kh^9OKA2nd>{h=0Kbm+w*VF<76$e%)&@G(*5)R9 zI`$@3mb8wR`ZQKLb|!W-R@MfV`c`@l76z8~H1-D0_A-AW%U}zFDggxmejVuVWD3R( z7P^)?Cgygu_P-TrtSyZ~WTb>)p)sM~zXB^NA|UsE?gIdT0FWT>rFFjt+xN;>83_eJ zODkJPJ9|fGS2ssH7iTATH#b*LA6IW*Ur%>`Kfl1>kdUB&u)wh3;J~o3u%O6b#vH#9fYHa9ibGvVtj`uh4l!f$VHrNK1v000P_r~t2m^U}|iRcU#8^bQ>^ z0VifV0sK{EFqYv8#I%Y^>u4WHU}$K5o@#G0b1=R|iMKaO78zQ}U{L1EvSzv7u4JqOY7$i+&%Bb3Tam4 z<2bI}o^r@la^+3mKON?4LQ5lyi|%@T3A^oAbW}Cc^DD*~TDZHaI#M@u7#q)-ZrfMZ z%QxHgsTsKU5$W~Sq~%n@TBXUadQlajT`MfsS>2UlD8-pQTH2GHWLowx!y048s?(v( zG?7fnt4%}>0s`s7`K+)_(Z+7`6gIZ&H(jRBK`o+q`CJg3anj;=w$BaPhIjXLCS|Iru^=pV&O9(oeHusx8A(>O4U+=*11r+QYF_P_kCvxWIjjblqJ z;l$T=Y1s{Y5QvTRAC^ca8w*k=K2~OfsbJtB*$WzyiL0x#g-58R4+--s+Gq<#i^79( zCv5pew8SJ;;;|$U8Tge%jv7+w$4*k|d7k&j`^1K5d{~83abpGCCv-936!C}8IajaG z`D;4+<@s;7exZaI!P_!mf`n5oXa$Tx?HD6cqm>@6Q=jZzOB!PKSa(C{`dzF`7-ABu zBU7`ZOlY4%25GnFrcJEv9BH`rEy%VP5*pp-JdH3{(r`@M%-J#ef#p-DiDn%yjgamL z!PKQ0GKQHbxcV7h?5Do&xHxj4QzZ?*+D<9Ea-rkk;J_Z32wKZT3`65g7to;xt85q= z(j7&C?=A@Jv`~An)``lg5`X@#RvozS&R?{ryQWG+vo~Kss$#vW%3^$8dHb|KZZ zx8lDaW~Oh;>I?>d7^O^WrZFM9+-iLST?|ZJJ=b58oqClZhf>JeiAf&Ajth4Oe!Jgy zusgRYPHp!ctJ|-%8w3{urC-q&WmA<>HKr*?cr$m zYXt&SImGa)pBn=co3z=OF>+TeSvp+JK>QeGpTJKXQV}!t$-05Kdsn;u{N0I0xNgcI zV754*WG-~gGrrK>%rBG~?#+DIrJq0>do|>ZWu~nx)9EnbtR)QkvIuMA=C3H=1dBvA z5fGZOL3;Nkj6xL2*fsA?uqvRJmN)E?1M87KC_Y-hT6&MWqT><(8qzTAi383}rkJfKU$v zIS^W9Kr7i^Iv+2O^bEa(nxwz%^Hl4U_r|u$LrDwcfUh-Urw-g-=3E(Ne7Z`i^||dH z(|$VQ7}lNqoJ5K?h(gJN=d>7wj-hq25$^d41@8E5bx&d>LHkT=A+w36Q)0Ks{ZYLK zjW7ua;s{zc(xrqXs(Ivm=K4c0>5|~FI21uFazy&%{V{7L*F>dnDODtrt6fYNz`7pu zYaIh&oC^Tx&==&JaR_^`+ICxhd>grmq$8kOtrE7c7Jrl~m%g4L!rr@8ngn3nshO@J zzWmt1+>;>In$Xngz^2LGh>74=u41ji44G$eri7QM=e_Fg-FKLLIyMyLK3wPB6TODh}jK&htM; zN&4L}Hdbn)R7ZAdbXr4Bxpk_XIABVf^3C<(k7H6TbVXfA-rIl!2zI`#41PQp{85i! z+XjGu{dm)wqE`#vM# zWsH-)8l&?~mctK1vNdFZ>}ftY(-{fEUI-d5j|sMn&!k@)xx?Z5m)}nrC&E7PlveR; z&zoOeD$wBa*>xw0Id=5$l(_5-uklOLB!r%vPAP=f4Gn9YD!BL9Vv&V2i0C;|9x5)s%V(D-C9K)(N5x{U`X*EmacX|~Vn_jJ^$ml`sdo6bA%=q*ZQVT_ zt*i3>1l$?&ASzbXg9O-iYzG(YdZKVqnKHJF?8pr9kaEO@|HME0}2L{+pWU_QkNgom{HE>r-e#e2b@Q9ft?``>9B;0wm z-IV-3W{y0HT1HR`rN^ABe1ezh#XYuF{Y@-P;W%hLjJaLX1nw*qLRdXZX4~@KJ^wHM2r0r=pInlMAP2UT$ zL`{!$U6`w-y%OeMgr(u;SMr=^NN=MhaJny*J+;%?rZk7#E2~4CKnN2yoK3rbqN=#s z+6qhSgNIq+#r)Ey(bBe$t$l(PRlYGk$+~oBe9M)2-#fxCqCr+)+U>HR7nj*_ic z!xoj>uQBkjQ)e>!YX1e6C=nF^E7M4r?Fs_oSE z58p{B;z`3E45U%mG<cOml3!{ODP}LAO+O0B zeG`eab#|&?hK_||xoT5$|JrIO*u3*~&WPKLV9GI0lQNywU+UuLu2)g~Hf7=UoRjCG zuFs(o>50=yciK33{yt1;=mRivcxU8DD!b1%TrA}R;+u%G>tIcV6uxqeWp7J(a{q~1 zwZ|>YNDRF(`x`O3QKeia`uI255P+7Dd?Oqx0~(MyQIloc#5uQVnTu{ycs{`sG0oTD zzV8f=eaOr~dIp603?$IrHzOUG+K+S~Nhs?5Ng9a*6J-cj&wKsl@W7|y3Hbz3{TnqY z5cit&s-Nfa`IqPr0TrMKkf$FxoZ1K>iO@ZxyrCsCIhi|@o0~p%0Dt>zoyNm0we>*Z zRm@33rxUOUZlo5H91w1s$CIr>gQU&?7VCX0@GT822}nRN%ZZW}A31~Ofn=h#FE$i8 zW1oSRk0Vvp76%h`gN0~fQ=C4<6UGDAXNZg6rZzfiu$*CyITgEPp?A(hXnO20EFK+C z)ItVSE-1GPI0hE6j)qY~xgdQx5z{E4A=Z&p?zs=C7(qPp#=6XI;tk^)>C+vs0wOYa zt{`3uiis)BHcW=tX^zf9_H7QJ{v_;~{+?W>mJARk2qz0cjs-6~eby>9TWS(05=eoW z1>xPU6Drcpo2|wyBV6>yqhaG{A`Ci}b-m(VbmW1&DDgDq4FtpC( z4-#B3sA4%4K|)HfQEg|{wid6Nak6o$bfh$4w&yTyHVew0unOTvVH*9363<0o!w3h_P>W{T5txuN&@)PL}6fNUKjSb`_pg6e&KUG^H^N#oUK>3T1| zc~gj3e;HQA!>73nmq4sB{I2^P$(=|}U1Hxiy;;ErrTOe^uZ)Wcx4oSmIdov$^99tz z)yf<1fZeCf!F}dtx;!@9+pGahR9}^W+8=Gw<5q9PPdabr=FZsVI}^O$M<{rr0RmMk zr)v$2E4u`uOv(c!RGU)?h|>2-B;=wYV0K=p zbFdpa+hOig(XUi^L^`yF#L`QHAPM}8g%$}Y&24|X)oSb|MnnJr1VH4(02!Pe` z!zD~?uEU}|Z6zL+HzCcxP!ivFH~P9K1`mW{{jlEuw#4^Mk+7epxz)aMP>pj*!WexPs#1k3sC(0Ug%cOV4Z_p#hKLe z<=EauI7Ud_6uO5nAC-0pIbaN^$Tt!LPy#NK=rDYpo)Zlw=WEzuBhOUu-OO4=j2Vpy zk(QG=cd~LcTO_Vg&`8NoJQbhhbPmpGFVq+)FWr9=h`faAYbv5EzV&w-NW^>Ml`ftP zCgG*&uE?)8U-t_uGDSWr_QD5&r~6})t`V~!`+T6@CQlcB6m`Ui1U}@|oEEVQ{`R$U z3}e57JVEwrUbsdjavYMHugSD3qp?n-_Rn&BwpJ5@hF;X|&Bzl6cjwOoelU8>2?KQD z#n2{S{nBN@CKaWV2=g$-0GlQ>Y0ITWmKjiKXg)Avt{Hx?n75>%3-TyDBBEfV+%Xb^ zgank9@lFfb${gTbJZRIN3vamJF*;%mAr9(AdWsXen>^(@29Qj)cThrWp7L2b_- zCu7G$DTa7UkbgQp-|CULVmv=@?tnuzNuYZKRvGA)btr@szE-qeSG3{Sy<7;3h9vLU zqIXp)8S<7^E6%45W%F(Gm!Xzhg?xz!C;k!a;{e(6kwrtgDAPq&!^KAJf>AI}P_AqI zTe2NAa7Sx=M_6Zyoksq!#%Sh>MD7>(ZI+-{ay^cvU6DYudbSArV88fIS_H3@q>s9t zMhuBA)FUaMqcW^nGnwrh=+Sju78PxpRE+|g!jCxo(i+Rk%M`>+Xt5$?oh$ui>g&Kb zNP0`=a#e!9&8#dshbJM%d$KJwss|gU1oXskcfv&Q6qEF2ss-PN7J5EVl{kwtUC@yS z%SXu{YXatp{0qtkN?cTz`$jDDbp5)E)OW9s%uLSc+--+{0f2ghCOAw1~!nol+~`gm)i=?KS
%ZZI?yQPc4SdU9yPbr=G1nH z*y-(OvO4Nj;Cl}n$qxB{@FN!0O~>d^2xs9&X6<;HqW{sgCqC+3i7P=7=Z4;jX>l;C zp?xzsmYUb(%BPKW=F9U;p!oxYa&XbtZV1`=kjpJ#GyIa&{G5E6R73<7poOuUjxCfW zM^GW$rhkJok(()g-e}$Fw=|4r3ZhaTzq{b=J?AIJ;{e22KB?njV<650UjRrbH|ASb zpb}TLVAUqaPJ;1vV};lrMjg18P&DAPM^cQh{N@tjr^}Ny#i1~0>JCD8C|~vEDD9Px zWay|v6_ig?yA|#jD>)`i3n*EST^#HSrt*;ijs_`WIXqTY^n~^<4P{biDT<6_%+Voy zHlKpFr>e1<9-z7whk;~MvrM4G{~%A8fX%&Flo6|e*RtQ5=?j_^Lo2@DRyrk7JX z{+?LZ$_gmjN>VE;_H}fJcSz|>tF|wloJPKV z&{zko35*HmChVxg=q)QB;11u;$Rvaofip{sS4OXRpVr+~_sAIN3HE>}h<=jDd?DYr z+cf`hIa`I}fYHuI;v2bcx zmB=^(6l`|GYDIR6+HJ-{UCd;IDVAt)Sx>EHT$7)% zRYUP$&(p2l46c~e?U#HjfO5Hmfl8=)qpgYB9J)x{Hb^kHJ(R}K4Ig+1eDzdZ@K4hN z{5i2#=hf$!;RSkY8rx~_5{`ThXesk@^bM^R*Xm&M@)F2m16Xrp=Aw))p>eOawLb(loW7gmw zN$OKejjYgCO;l|2eq4le1!bP$XrF2Z zT+CRTW5RX?6169ecyd!TRQ~*!QHqk~FnIuFi8^W_Zd+)2x|bKv)aC{zDjxjutb*EX z$*aJgdW`R$t@({90Qytw+|I7p^)}-GxIsT}FzBbgHPzgUTqu6T`yXq@JFe*)>sl~S zuY|#+=d8mM><97sRfx8vkKdq=7l0= zA|?6`^De$es-QtXK!z%s-AV<2*ksm212>fbf-sbgB~X?ie|VpI;0weN_020MQZ5uT z(r@V$ndk3YoGC>Uz$AQSQe|5JUJntS6b8B8v!f}+meuR-((R{Qd2k(dnw6!ggo1`c zqwsaF^EM~4wzF~@Hdj!O*T7piQ>ed4OlDB%TKGb+$|utj-RO`#b2W9nPWa8Hw2>Ye zKKfZm{ODULW>Z0<3%?mqig@jSOJVZD$08bh9c8@kAuz30_9_i8lDvesl1CNt;8LbO zRf;BUmgp+51rn)NX1lVVi;anRFd4SD2S)m6hP)m;4E{gh+Rv(u96+Q#E2v_N8$ub9 zSJ^60NdYRC)(#0XA*JLvt0t7QFx?%Xjr-3ePpVq|&K9z}W$%nxpEDR_!VXy2ftebW zT$?+;$m9&=S>$e>+pd}I=#q+w0>C3KM9Sn@;@Q^1812YOZIMU2TR-u0)giofxR z4*SH%n1%X%b%!-_{{hJRxnS=RV6S2_1l<=9Hr9kP4cM=41&uO%?Gkb94&&*WH?Ri6 z%8IsilB^4lWn@|5PUB;1Enas!i(gZTaVz8;GVSM#qRf#x-d@feGsBf9vJyJ*WTME# z*g?R!mb5nA%sB&&Nwlp}ET1T%rgpw&zG&p$pI&h<$g}mM-O~4WOAJ~E^Lfa?(_O(V zto(?1PTnk+W$yRmbsoLvrAq>N{<(Dhv)E)UDD%x!D|V91D{%WQKnXA!_oy#`7ws3; zJ80}|Er8cRYson%fbE6P`T685$`9}q!{<1FYt$r-`WVGb%SyPeJi2`OT7hz=g?3Mf z=7v;RKX*BvR^C}|Xu$2GyS=1wiznBMJh8rX2GdZ}b^_Z9dEM89;TPd?Ha=7rWky^% zXmw{+Jn8056mkH04^tu!Nc6jSUAs0k#{nBLZphXJ^RrO zO3iyTf@(Z(VbaeEu3MOP(~3eOgKfh%hT~ZJ)^%D`jiRWo)lOx-?zA>~uo;c}-Sn(H zb)_@Yxjio)7pp(t-rvaI-mZpKvy^AHvg^@mR$uLpFFeiDj%9Kh80|-mQ@+*Gd_pj8 z58kqf1ni>DcZ1_q(P5r@2NA~jU@WYcf_jbLXfqC>;dL}dqw7x5u#hM^L)B~1NtT3?4V}T24VmJ zBtgH)H@_+B?~2X;81{RK-^$X^#K^(+Us}2y1Ff~Km65H1ot>_ZE$yG>^Z$Xp7kOT$6-?jMbLRjlq8kqlgPyb0B zw9v6MF*LBVr?J&H9E}^b^rJ)YKjR267+c_>1p~7sA8Its>|hF10i(T4L0oH#j8l@$ zDLTrW*)9|MydGJT`cnscAgrpOQ-M+M6UmT>aqS`Hmu8yA+~qGz3w4xuDL5CVez}hS}RV~{np(Rj9pLlTpgx+FV>0TwbK|*rH`7~UEcOzX~y3$w#sW9 z1-BV4?YMB+) zb6tzTc*3K|e9#ebd0D@Ly+a$CaaAym3*I=St}#K-Cr7ur-4m|-hyI`}4bF-7XZZA# z{b-Kou>|3hpiKB?4(E<=BvtjGL2@_{^&Cc`-n}o+u5V_H@Lp{X%MeYPamcivQT1 zEfI~zOzuYS^)d7%_;e~4AbGFH6u5Nv4VRicSurOP#2k`d0(mETq!Q zpi%8G=Y?yYILnV%=2)SPg=;3v>aEiwna%vV%h_=c_o%@~QOnY`)D^1}t;AL!Me#AV z=k!eV+?jGm0trYpeiSxjHXK;T>$rEXR8JWneZKW)WEe=xW_;;6EQ4X(5bx{wxCvpB zmzX-pe^=&CZ`hC{!OA<=4T7BY+2*tsrMYFjm3X$wQYF!$%9nMTz5x^6^_u7WHNWB` z+c>56q?|W2f0U%GglF0pc7l-p*#1V?f*iOa^X;zJ6eTchV7UMw1U#{kVB+uUl4{IK z=cQEn<0?}-&{hFL020=E+@r{u#t*rZk-|BE?wsAJ)YV|rG-<)4$J6$366)ARkge>+ ze({vJ^FG4?rht&Uo(M*%gR&0F@(`ry`y$ zaBq=fLvNG1Gk%-*&qoDRcGwq0XwLJMRnne#&*FO_YVm7@>+QhXPdrw3K`h7+THHrk zXS}{BC^K?i-47tB#De%50o3E%7`zWp-r2sw*w+=F5_8g^h=B}#8&Vf{1e1o0GN2K? zyZ*+0FxuW5-NgE^k+H$ZT~{E$^tqWFgz7LaWTuBfp?lpx+VH-x_u#>Ocm7vN!FlHR z_o@g5q&C)W^OS0-Ho?|&1><5Yr&pq%%feLLLO+ztCZtZym6?OC(kWPqVybFhu~QJF zX_G=0Xy8V|2({~w3)w=?j!RE3?t-NR_=J}tSYEEkmXU@zKnu0y4RcbVOv)9=$W4g6 zGRxni8rb9c)L@4lSmX3%6MrMiImp42J_M#nfyBmIX%YAopE;SxaG5@oRnQo>$aV_h zQdi@LX1llHAnn|&#ALm1oyPfbSp@CIEZ%N>OsprGug#~KQ1lg2(RWC)<6b1N&`{8& zQP2^Dq(4*#6zns3Sk4a}{+xk|5{MnxezZj~T`->$XhS}6nuroD=6;$0_K%HQ=wqrP zutlR07LZDtfifOIh~~nRY!7hP`f|`riP^gH-(f#&^1wtkA-@EQ>cK|c!T*FrL zrI*=_Lqd}%*gx8glC#u@i*huP<76qpiNCbfA`?ZEJYPQ8n|&SIzo*l;>o59fY;jtk zHnp}E!{rHQ#>xDnBYI*3883rLUIx@aI|Qs9j%?`ys$lJ933r&9Cf+w2+W@0L7^+B@ zPs*_;-6E?nNiil=jFwyvng@{O-Gp}sX0|3Pginra8|TcZCP8B=ogmnDy^B*Is9SNd zay`28Hb1(`!fNiPwhWE2Mj$6}scJ5HF{3aXYNbX+drsnEcJYG>xgdk!5PT$*;Sgu) z5VY8K42N zgfm)NMdU&#>u(5`OL$RR4+@jloU~wZL2t_BRz^Dc;EJD+i{yA7aB&{==nKd?3c42i zlJK-x>iHK-kjKM>49&V9M|78@&L|71TT$C-aUC=CRE$3pvhD3>^iof_VfIgYy*ra3 zq}j2TV0kAtXyOS5Vd3!v;LK-4VUIfa+ots`Q-+xrg`X9@`qd~5NWEu)-Pcg2q5ElX z64*n#u^=4nI;C;>2e)WBG{)rxEYY#w$-t$t@U@URX2}p%vy`2%*K){5mtH+q@MPSE z=s8J^cyyrac^f`w&hq#b$b6n@8%)26Vp*LW1@=>X{#fP_q^v+Edz`L#PFc96NTr^L zP-XUJgn2(b=4Ja}39s_;6IoL#1I~jostpzI67n!<1%%=H&hX@*I_Y*gL?PMWB29-i ztatVhI?Lf0ULa92hp=QRrj1Ox(ePJQsN8UD?tzr$pR^!WdNIo62>D@2ferg8KBH=T znG^PwK@*L5e0QYvWyTo+7M*XQy_+p4r8hv-jZev5hf9_F9g(~^4^WFxKa_kDf{th( zHGsNo!MMVjw;#tAV#X}2z68GQ*%UWkzE~SODnqL_Y!~-Z3^+-!NIE?3Gm?FUAI{Lf zd}?Uobh1M?IZ~3f%HG|max9+S3Ugi}I85F*Hr)%cRFJFsey$++HWy#fTcDe#GjAdZ zG1()yWr{W^{Rp|TdMGTY#95n8=Mg)o^if|M1+3C!VAmK-pWK@{;2CtO);z4Yq!fIf zar_Y1X!58a%uK`{7dyQQsP=3D1n64}&=jctBe)1s^dc6%BoECRzy#R#;a9zwg(t;( zWc|Hf{$#%rB~5GMLAZq$M0Y0_G)I7~S5CATEI=+)nAj<3iF- zl*-EZ zcV6hox4%TLJ9@j8j!`a0f^#&naLsKZN2z$7e$WiL1j^2<4s9D`i4F>(?n;I(_k@s6!VVJagY`0mQ~8|5Oka`N)Bdf3&Xv< zt(6;S=Y;b?p=c4CteR|P$LdUa$;rs+S~xx89D1O$_gUkf0#Q;cnAbKzGiN&gg!QQt zJuOK@2otheIM_|HaYzHvk*@YcT~-1{kE<$Ef2QDxH1XQC^()Sg&|q?+%Ydp7uXw1y zV8~^S$(&}QCCo&dZT)Brn@7#l9V*1)Ch1&1+ZuidC&Y)=3eN)*bk;gpI}m=3&}~X9 zv?p6~RUOu*l&s{uFc%0U)!{p~bdFXWlK8=bAAZ?z-(1spZ9nr#(yYx=XEZgU^k-<; zn=Rrx7Xxcuu?1nosSGr%o*01az%@+jqe?f~BRd@x+;x{|=mkt!VUey6&qw9UbUL&+ zCgXO-8;}}%+}c^mSZI~p$(lw;&L56e&PGWgA5%G`B!18dYEbLuwE*80gUvMe(!4~O z+pJYJjO!9l-8fbt{hak3SU?a0MBhJE)SQB7@Cx#YxaH&W=1GO?IShG;ZvV8X%vi)r zJNO><RP9BOpsh*#}fO1{@60>1fgY!q@>GM5t#eq8qA9Xtu z;{9zh9X2=2M0t2|_;yQ`%s>MMZ1J$Q`<`esE#q%3IF>JNL#f>V+J#s77SpTvzSfLl z`%jC}UpxKm4D9VqERFuP9IaJVb6R3Wcwdgjbh|+l6T_wvbMlA{CxXI7@0qXrbD~pM z^$EvyY8mEyvubM`sLxESWOW0}WgBXiyW!8Z2WRMr9zH0$<~U7T zkLOx_a|oOM1fTU$H@Xjhv=LnI;G>67x%ldU<$8h~3DyAPJnW$E1S}FG9Z;i7>BZ|| zpnRgnS7@4jr`&J!qS@-2RH%5UNq91XyQZz0w9U<_!XWYTxHv@=ZjY@L0`BtqS_7!t z@fr#gwYIljhvuyVPI-;wt5zo!i?1&~Re5ji#$bEqn2nBy9Zj4_J>qQ4o3Si_=K z#xqM29-eh4+_>J{>Uj*YCUb3IQ6NX4JqpmTpFj`4Qufp+UBM2Czze=e*0;#E3>-ox z%)?dFFwKKcj=`N1DY5RIdx2GjQS$eq4Qa$jZ{xTP;bVbK zf=1R05LDhUuqzQAiu#Zz1+f&lA2!S5KCYFl4wvoZi6hP%!$OI@rRgmXJm00rvp57| zfM0PoYlCF+fkyQue#`|akjmY>{jE0jDloNj}29l?$ zDsa~~UE@Xh{JAfmF~hq$gjU$^C#SX*I$AWhA<}S9O?t36{3UmsNf(^Ws%AJU0+(1q zHp}rd+T{?rA)oWa6?cs4o0=OZd7ZVnm#cwAXB=o35WGauZIB}nERN3zx=_M0Qs3AG zR}IH7)Qz!Sz9AAm*EOqugi?y-eb?d_5%b2a5R?8ni8f<*fkd=(7O9q=tcXTt@oRtr zPc2$*_OThBjt^fn>OD4@;Vd|TIeEsK_WLHdQokeFH*PVNjj*{%83S#_2QkbnTO^uk zYYj7-!I`6I>?tiva55T zX$W^de!AK;)4^u$2j#n5>I`>nrg>wwR;tFs1L(#eDr{gF*-*Wue7_IOpr&T#SxgbK zDHCE6mZEbIQOPLu8%SIo@wr_=fq5G-#6NH_B)|(Af2v7IbAJ4QZ2_}&msbrSd%?57W%+2k5g7t znIwId#4NT1Qy^KokR$*E3c|h1H_eo!fq@7sv(Qot+eGQ6{={?Vs^2O_1^Uyff*;0f z;APxa)C_(Dg8aE92d8pEFYc;2_7RlLWBaLRoVm_;{WX$KvGW4fUS4MKu!MhBEp-rZ zTgTF$Y7{ROF4-UNc|%ITvg*Yp!fMYs^W~)f09s3J%;lW@kZ{2_R^l1FIl$f>!oa!1 zzgXjO`ctk1Z3!Q8JI!wOWbO8Io?{%B^!3}oNQt0K-N@EdKBx4JuE2QT@eyvSx3dZ! z)DvBTCohUzVNy8Cwthtc33@IgUTO$&?}1v`NR@>0BR2nyydM38pEAOmHNy8>u4`aL zLFqys6Lv-6*MNL$^wcjA+HYs15E)x)~!v@ge+kHlZ zTf5MFkZu$C&9nErBe~!A8~1Z+QLNzqOv)D)gcpZ&9ssDeMd{64u^k z4l|<(9#Dg{jby-P`Cv!l)*erO<__|8?atxg#p_pSUZGV{d(z+7+CV`4V znfauVsrMAi-IA_$rkK(;X}X_{@R*^%ryNn_^g8}B@BIkho3D-+6%k!BwPl+)1a4%~ zxUZ@>zBe`2j^4|7mYVU&Gm*2}_fV>+Ho(G!8Dn%vZMk5b{Y~GZAAlZ6fc--z6*G%! zxI;l>QcS(^RCg()2sFAB8^_g~4^+uf;=cX6kRz6;nFkZ*1>3cL5CO5aX1TpZQBkWC zpkJtiWG4}#JOZ2RY0dU|G(fLi#mXsMc1IpvhqyixQoWjrPJq#y-1`FeBRCPNfleZU zKi%jQ_R3+hQ(96w(Rtj$6AD@gztYael# zNo-zxPCo;MI3IanY)3F3jo2Y-Kb4QTzn7y6$pR@Gly;MFJnw)tCLwYzT|_oH1SNBS zf}-B)3fOF~gzzWNlWnVDj=sgKt#cpeb@JC>rCUK?%X7iZ&EpSub3Z4Sg`DFoT^5IU z4#KL~*CV=!nT<5P5FFUn#!8ng2Cj=RG_lsw=lJ{+hq5GVL&^IF3B%%!5tLGD6DQGW znRaoVSecY=anQ!zpWr^`agp1eTc&liYSrJv{F)z1S*T7&@1e8%{}?($d0(wa3M%kY zi%JR6{!a+V|#-)dV4fL&CIR8@xN!@)FCl6!}pk zi{-_0oeT=4Khl?8Bh{keqyI=Csr6r^q0UO&{}!m>Y9_e!Sjhwa}Ru zI0TCsP~2?8Z2m9>us9CH&j%!d+Fz+mV2{Y*!!bZsVr zdK!W3I#H(6sd?wEvgv%B)jO?=zyfX9OeL(kUZ540Ngd*<8k8xckdPwe^sA;gh|GyH z^{R@GPB-yxFk#eYhV`;Fzdu<{>MMSd+se>YmNKc}Gl75PV% z;#Vrk?-uut)cZZL{}%TDlce$If%_f#U!unE_3*!8`d#Aq-?DW5 z4a@J6$N!e){%=@*mq7lR<(E3}yV2nP&Di`w68UGI_vZg#hJVBJZxYErll{3<*?&X! zN6F-$d47o|zuPkYzyG*DODO-$^yeO-5d1sSA0?Il;`wd%|4}da^X!*==lLK1_Aasf zHi>^j{_)}Nm!9yug%kc!UHB{RkGJ7Jw}?Ug=Lf;RBLC>1f8C~kxBSoVef{s7_Fqwd j^gF+t_wUxv^bf9FMjY&Yod5tJzP~cx-4!XzuiF0s(lZTr literal 0 HcmV?d00001 diff --git a/school_essays/essays/20th_Century_American_Prisons_notes.html b/school_essays/essays/20th_Century_American_Prisons_notes.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f9fb7b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/school_essays/essays/20th_Century_American_Prisons_notes.html @@ -0,0 +1,196 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+

TITLE + OF PAPER 0

+
+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+

Title +of Paper

+

Sub +Title

+

Joseph +J. Green

+

Northern +Arizona University

+


+ +

+

+
+ +

+

Explain +the key features of corrections in 20th century America in an essay. +In your discussion of the evolving corrections system, include +details about prison programs, prison architecture, female offenders, +racial disparities, and key developments during the early, mid, and +late century. At the end of your essay, make a prediction about how +corrections will change in America through the 21st century. +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+

Intro

+

1 +Early 21st centry

+

Reformatory +era ends in the early 20th centry 1910

+

Focus +on punishment and future through educational and vocational programs

+

+Industrial era begins 1910

+

Focus +on inmates to produce products that helps support the prision

+

Prison +programs?

+

Females?

+

Racial +disparities?

+

Developments?

+

2 +Mid 21st century

+

Industrial +era ends in 1935 due to laws

+

transition +period through 1960

+

riots

+

Lack +of programs

+

Hands +off doctrine

+

1960 + Rehabilatative era begins

+

Focus +on improvement of prison staff

+

Focus +on criminals being “sick” and we just need to find a cure

+

Martinson +realized that no one treatement reduced rates of prisoners returning +to the system after being released

+

Funding +is lost.

+

programs/racial/femail/development

+

3 +Late 19th century to current

+

Rehabilatative +era ends in 1980 with the start of the retributive era

+

Return +to the theory that crimes are a choice, not a sickness

+

Focus +on being tougher on crime

+

5 +Conclusion

+

Seems +to be the start of a patern. We started with focusing on punishment, +and ended with focusing on punishment. Soon, the focus, if the patter +repeats, will return to focusing on helping criminals.

+

Prisons +will become better for inmates

+

People +believe that harsh conditions makes for worse people

+

Overcrowding +will be a major interest

+

Reflects +poorly on the United States to have such a huge percapita prisoner +count

+

Drug +crimes will be lessoned (they already have in many states)

+

Prison +terms sentanced will remain high. People want prisoners to stay in +prison. Still in the retributive era where we are tough on crime.

+

+

outro

+


+ +

+

Compare +and contrast the Pennsylvania and Auburn prison systems in terms of +their architecture, orienting strategies, and +advantages/disadvantages. +

+


+ +

+

POSSIBLE +BELOW

+

Intro

+

1 Architecture

+

2 Orienting +stategies

+

PA +– direct towards self reflection

+

Soul +saving quakers

+

NY +– direct towards +

+

Economy +saving laborers

+

3 Adv/disadv

+

outro

+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+

RESOURCES

+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/school_essays/essays/20th_Century_American_Prisons_notes.odt b/school_essays/essays/20th_Century_American_Prisons_notes.odt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c360ca2fa802a25bc93b69dd301f0f5fe0cd825e GIT binary patch literal 11694 zcmbVy1z23k67JwGAwX~m65N6YcXvy0hr!)7XmEE8?(XjH?he7-13b9*?al7q-Tm%+ zHQ$-j=gjaWHUH000^Q_#Epmq0z$t{{a91ydE#N0A@fleOo6>eQiri zQ=qQ4EzrW8*4|u?#zNZ$XhUORsc)`lp=)QRZ*EIttM6zl^9QoZaD`<`2ms*qz<423 zFtRh#G1mr~+R)nm)}*mCH~c0eC5!-z1^e<91W^$IxtDVf0007j2776(df!>UT-eG; zC

g&CSfMtj*2rZSCw`TpjJKU7TH=-M!pBzk0g6`gnQxczb*Me)9_q4)FDTIf4R% zyaK~RB0@tVqvJxqzMR9uq9Y^1qN5@sV-n+%(-LB$5@Qn*<71MNk|L6G5>qqM(o<71 zGSjm1GgFhkXQUKmr&Q*pWo2e&<>cq&7G!4@k(+HWb&kS2wmdHn%sobv1MjxAczn zHdVE^G<3E#541Inbv1T%c69XgclHepbhi)nbqx*;4-JivPD~C=%un`rOpWv}j`qxq z4J?iI&W-gg&y7q@O-)SCPt7eX%#1J3O)W1i%q*=htZXi?Z!K>gto%4$Uz*ukp8K&n zx4pLXV{>KeMRtB{{W#v=**M(W-aj}vJU&0$+c-PiyF5R>xVSjIy1%)-yS=%(yS;vT zdU{d*^YgQBa#{rd0A?*Jz^mZ6a5TNFj4g=MV?{wNSZh_Q^P?x4unQdO?TdE44GuDA zP=KC)CrCY4!V2x150?;|?K^3G*L2>I1e-cJd^e&obUe~Mw7ZdDC<3Vi-|h(l1__Tr zr`7hK28KkBeFPE&hC*jfbtyV*iZ*SHOuRK2-PJG!*w!YQMrR65=q6^v~r$ zigt8hY3-2S5jY_`2>^H5QnBnm4-cShs2YC+wG^Q-tJ3(;E~G!F!la; zIbpp&pEE)_WqiMXVI%MMe5bwdUDSl#Akv9+ngZ_bZgAa&HuH&JYYSPbxEt$$C}FIr z^pGVZ7V1Y9eOs)PfjJ;qc8EoA!5+JKE*htk^zJKQP}i2M(iqHK@ycPw=~9Lof9gGGcyiU3$gR?q+k4!im!nLz=vl1X zz7INSS;jpd&>%@^GwphGr&7xLaCRl{Mr|e0rQPOv)b55hm z@J8=}vcAusxuU$9Svy!da9;S!=*5!4!w-|YjPf$etMye(arDi@i~Gs#3gxk$WC?tW zo`$B$OFroY0R!F4UP%bB9-fa+vMzDYx|k~zx)1B$IZsL+OeXeg-oFw4KFzv+{eE#T zZJXsfb9vUn?)*)zqN?-<8S!%`%H*;h}F2EoytV_dS>J|NO}Yq zYIVOKuK(Nr^5;SRzo0NIdo*!U-#$F@CXT(#Lx8BDlt2le*4KXv3ZXW<3BMt>E2rZ_I{Q{wW zIsTp$?&VWm3v=67`|fCFdZempvsm}W<0Q8&FG`ACH}GD!J2sJQvynA!Y3^IE_0EED z0Jxx6099Ed_u-R0$Uy1JQtz7thU|LO zQtTsxLf-h(tkLc*yUmMb_T8p4gWFtX2I#t8$d=2Ac$iH`IgDFLt(q}!(@Q%dMID0t z9cKcgq02T$umrk@QLN}}C?(} zL8i_xd6ZIIONl;&dpak}bj}vlh1K1jH@v}$f>(23PGT}#&QW+~z^7r}+84^tp(nB~q#Uy*21!Mq zSfD}JG|*&m5vP9KHoe~MfsHyr3V2fC`K-dh*bN)wWOL$UKPZ^+K7>#pmbjEu5EoXD zq75cb9S$(>)`8kfh&2!NjzJrc#qTGIRhufAfTi>q`4at6XnkTvKg(7J0R;Tp`zT)E zwXvJbnOpTX9a|QDQE8nJYU+%7B{kl$xjK$b83!N8XCsPgh?E|>6A*@{G4nG5PmPyO zdU4X6BJf%U>Y5xSDn^ZN4j?5X1K6BP5Q4D5Oaj~a4T`rO^2zJA!E zWsJB#A!3dQc6|zW`$Sl4O%*aEyjp2A0DnVv*C!V{s75B0`SyGMSSaM_SHH&98A?RK zAwN*eFL#nImDRHlmAMEN6|7R0q!OM0Q# zOzl+_Qo&Ee<#p*#;jd4bbZS$8fV30pXMm2LA_@`wZcHSutTsyg08LRJ-~+lLBP897 z$Zi%b6zf;iPhda-eZ4l$1{wAy+A@venc#h!;1CREnh#Hg%%le6jMaI3S;*)aPYj=- zaI6OrS>q_`KzipK5x>*D2blvOP``kG-X&J%TE+e5=V3&K>s^*g@ronk za#Zsgi5IAE%;Pl0w)2JOt^zIDVV~!2N;o~&tAZtGlV8SwfhpZ}pJ;57CqZzDNO)Tw z-zybzpi;ioF7Hr}Ats|~Fxs(kQ}TD?1A_M(9a)f`z&($}uAeOYK>T5*mY+rdO& zcUj2tSn;zv1ry7)yIL-tg!3+~ao#fPAeX?A?pm4E`yvaO0|=n*lcI8il~_UZ;+4^( z`6iXDvbN-TDRTX|h~zs~+va@Q=^P?UJ0SjUBb?KtR1_fj1$>32VjX@ENfvyY+=aYCoj;`e z_}l>zNfqMeJR_)SxaCo&){(_nlsS6|V#yYE*&}QGSQ!U*#R`m^6wI2R&=B2|#APR$ z*)P*p;;_khgIjDkGW_QpF*jL{K(#1-HUptN=xWvz1w{9(?lo?Cg7W9|+S#Kx7vWLt z&Ow&|1{&zkJS}BxFc?hv6}EgF`KT9khKwK)QiDF=C#`Z!AKuZoq-5SE!**2VT#()o z^r__p@*MJYY>Jz!LB<)#V@eXrDbEb83frs;=8p!9!f!{A+QRcnqjWP-0pOvA)r+Lh zp%k15S;`>eoj|X9rjCuld)S zmLSt_i?T4yZe|usL23H)&a3!QB~u34AKyo|;%kWI0(MP5$#*zJnmQUU&v|5DcdIoL+51m2aM$5u24JgR_X4AfvE9a057)o*P z47gg6##N1Jx%SZ+bZ(?Zc(GM&5Yl+b{IySAx3yMyS@D8`I1JoZrXfB*+t>4{xORZI zbWvV}u2fy|>ClhylB`+18W&z!q3s2aT19o91R$i0D9unta~mv{{xIZvY(Xem<&5no zY4fMNfuK#yn}m~Uy@$Avsl|16l>-qLctq*;lqu1g#voucy8=ouesJIuO zJB)KuGY%-#WKZCfwwc^NnU~+7miuUYy`2E_5say^Fk|b|y9aGN}B*e8bV(~Q0 z9Xd8-6Jc<74VM=G6aCpEl@$)_9N79v{YwW9caJ4GL{Ppon8)&IC3W=+(!AC-7655u#p0mj+7ekE#@qNs@16i-8Y&g5hj_|-11_53kZWk>GV|wV>zNA?k;^`4)JyAd|X{VEM z7iQPsu_h>lHEc=FUtM1^y_=@K!@O~syDP2GP00#np1l}plGra?1xsOmeG<*THful9 zc~o_5GpQ)5c6Q^g9g2_l%qmejzqDoqadn|?&>QhdJIJK-ojlU_XbO%J$BZq!=;JYjM|blCSM@pulp1fQ5QQ+l57Z@HquH+OzQb@nl8S)^j}1?{9R= zk1%^pnXuO4p{+^;qJCC6!ft7M_h^I>qEaF_+oN>LA8C}6Vv3SW712EwAG!a0`4LTm^i2tt zReG`@zf=t3`Wga9TuS4atGNYHzXSzB_?+m~m3tz?HaT16&w5K(X2u+DRf{&-9Lh8G zT(Qn-zE8Yer)?1;-#*AE;L3Bug^qt@xC0@{^7N8wMlOP#gmEt5NVMb+ssOLcnig^T zuw$Y4sXw1s7z7c#u1Wd{)^8Xlqz%_26%%|4L!Q3Z2#WpL-W10RM}xxTXCeIh{L4-a zXR}+e?}K&})pun%{w$$I40v2G0oWIb1gnnY;@%84y z)mm>U2M?X3S5rmf6xr0d38+Ep7e*{2E63^Ur+k@1Gy_ zuTTc27TUJ@|MUa@3T10yVfxQ~{nZ~~X>DO>t#9-Hq0ra{%+@Irfm*1 z(6_OrvDPyfjv6-irbG5Q;qcWTnd6~_fUqVTs5ee)WAgh9L3^HvveFV7r6ikGu%9-y zSt9gtHMA<}NE@dws3Najfl-&7WI)8IdXMr`BTaqw;-`hV8cO^`+%seE>@3i5DEwP4C;MS*=9id#XaAVemrufLB|tSZpI3Fb2x9wg>6qPB#Rc zLCc@=(<@-LYvh{!YX~B|ctT(#27GM2aT=t=yFbQW$g;I(9BuS!HBWkf=g>N(3>}?Y z34qVp)>vyUJ67{vb&WA{KGt=%o9sSYC5qNcW;mAKZ)A6R-hHAOea74%QOE`6OjRX0Wx5Fh}6_e&h{@AtT`VMiNVCsTc!e{XSBEtYCf+__u%WX3P_ zj;8Go%?{rWi-rU2QMyKK+GFY(IU)qSvYJ+Y-jAHVmsJ54&jBq1H@ULDj99YHhVchF z-95O)LOLjj^jrj4eoFKK8P-iLb9H;;UhjsT;@hhEbU>n6{8{21OxR%X4n?GKoE&D` zmKqKG*?TI%mNfx}`aV&iZN6?ejj<(3mD?q_=4j0E4nL{cp(j(plj*VkzQuU)*v=Q1 z>*-J+{OIKxj_WG7^meTOh9N|WBhX0+xm!hLDVOTm`Hgur1^VWheIu^fE)mVl=HA`i z-Di19-_5{MGQooSNJk0zz@Yv!TSi>=m0$`61@5gY#eqRn(Qd6-WWnq26ely@A2-aG zHxnKCyVjP*hK5f^qSn__K0GZ2=SfOSjP%U%OnInjPS+DuWS9_IbSjo>b!&Y@sO3(x z(Z~;cE8%5qXBgFgHuv+ot`=&(_A5CB$Mr3Ni^N3TIqPUcGNkJyy`{h<;^dSS9Aks> zdH?6JuW*Xw69~6zbCjRe`3}Cgh?c=$c!9`rO@5*^%0HMh7Pm__JGG(Q>Hy!K#tRFJbcaY%K$#% z#4%c`52PnUVgqck#6D`LQ*?j8c6fZ#XU9rxBf@PpJKvM*3k=|!V?56=dt8gjWZyV* ze>JN)TxH@MS-wpLjTXi}B?PD)77C{~k>5pt#13-fRPcaa9L=5y^(a@=pI##Fk{j5M z57cyc5YMC#ajnZ^Ou6lGH#@VkrwO$68=?21ISvZt@!Zd^2a*R*BeFaA1l#O{zlCmRh7-+v9LSRdD3~Pg`+! zXL~Sgh+qQT03XI;GFpS(LX1e)?suxlXlHzTI-^cLtw*T!gfOc@>BU(T4Xw~0GWRY` z2hOGL&C^QKcLUPPGKSz#_`NaA>a9zm5F0CQqcsEkM8_dnPBdS5<79zKPD1s&CBanzK$P^$E5IQibS6J|* zjlgF2%0-rnSNIVo9(Z9~^N5%0M6YZhZ)q%X>_@mAO%e-v)P$j6@W4eLT=uLgY&i#Uf;mv+PbeMF>w9swD_3 zM8~5gb=_qs3S@ft=KHAev%ABr5(U%F^4O2iaQ9kAF?%)*&!xGIX_ix7s_bwO!_b37 z9CZx}OVZQdqm$4F-x~KPQ*uQ6LQabl+Xz-{ffj;&M5;j+$&5xtxwy}V6aH$U8q_IL z7|<%GA`n=bzp#c2KC{jb_W+l8*y2?n79i50L1oo0{tY~!EwJFgM015*45hTfrMsQS zt{L5~FjDvI9=?|Dbl3EJH}XRxO*I~0b1*ayuH~1En}I)TI6$$o} z4=TpOrPC*!ol@+6yh)1rI_^c(F`gPG6rt`e#sPvs`y1}*d5y3T%wz9K*h`~9(|$(t zx!EFI$FAN5&5xZ=Hh20}TnVj9G2YqLC6%P-ItD*NS&|7xfKjwY6jz>nJ2Lr>WW-Hp zo}Nvx3X_URkOrQ5Pvl$AH*1J9pY@}!0sC5%JN>#!*8tv-M;A7im-QolFpqa$vq8RF z6#E0dg|lESD5U=_C(gsMhn8nTtOH#eHyJ87ac8-2o6A*N!rH3g^U8W7=bFM+WWr+f zT_1Nvo;t`v4{9lp)9_l73-@RkEx;jFoKq5U1r$CEfJ&jWROIqphSPpXuWfu4;C;_A zJ8~|!roDpU*@cC_0 zXC=A{HW+UG;*f{!$(*ibce>@rU-`4mv`NFROOUmcWO z5iP4k<6||#09XHe9dNQz%8&)|v}h_X_@u*6y-3>XI;vDkHF#?6^(huW6l#YYFEF~R zrSW`hnTH{~AK~+r{E3JO-0WF<;hTp3jJVe4hv7N=QfasowtYeWx^ew_W8~$A@et{= zFdi_{m1SE^7KYlYMdx4wuZ)6E4=I9j1nuegd~QkuExs1cftdPCH5=FVt-eCq{#Bfq zM`*ofn{)!%Xfrmyi@%A;MV2)0OmX_#FuZ)GA1XOF_FYZ)W5PQZ@+Sq~2RW6*j{Kra zqO;36(C@uy%&%55F{z8)DZTL63TFft3mgBx-lf+^?r25agJ7rKp$NztUg%e^k<|If;75% z&-HEBjZ#O7pZ6raBk=%zp7Bu2*hxXYhN}HTw;_>3dy#M<_7l*;{mWi>E5*jw^&k;d zpc)x(JnW(a$K>%t$_$;skCpVY{mW*45y7n3tNg`ikLZYp0hFKjvfQeb@R1D%+y{RB zMhs5t#TzTU0^+ba2QZ01clVig0j1l8^r&1Ro<5D#iv0<1;`r7acuA{7D-b&4n8cKy zDjt(8qkW|J+_ba}nTPNzKTu5ElWTN;zzGEG4CB-_SuYvcb0pYx8%%1b5KY=RBG!7ZDuOwSilJh3jIodvYSS(~|@2zdmRZd%RWo{}nY~&PrW-5Dc z$ySN|S(`Dte8O47$BMk_f>!!4^{BkjtjXxEGDTQIK-xd)2p;#uw{aw1 zNhi4RIc9QO^VJ!Q;UDCkh5-ObnEuHbe9fZR=-b)?%?0=2$S*?gQt$fatmKvf$#5&NhcDOBI|nTm_b7+*$kTdY}wwy`lu z7%W;I54V8A<-VChz*SyPvk!eUT9KB9W^n#FyYlM&YC?`m!|I%N<>SL*_1DAQWbA-q zvyqv&qlsg&tctS%?K6XFxfK`g){B%>3koe=39%%0gP1W~F9wR`)u|Gb+1hP&djFu~ z_NlFb7BbQsUw?yG$~vXyBE>+MXIPHJZQ923v-6!zs|n$cYVd?vtlrnb{m_@OelXtw zq~bS1*_O$nC8p$RMvh&`*P>|*8A#|Jc$HhpgUGSS$5@oyeM{`%NY$T)ww5hT@)yX= zL(Deootr3cdRFWn3wUmi_{AR!tlgZ7J`aBYl|n-QFay_=vbC;}j0{_N#aE$f1mANP zTcTVj%=Z&Yhl5mh@eK>VK5T?sSTP-w87h#f)~h*I!!w3qkGkuwKfKu_4iOH%;Ab_y zxU)JZD2SI=S>}(g{xK~2JmNl<@ZyuX5}(jS`ocb!ed7Bv(tTrEb8?+XaDkuhpJxg^Yt3{eyekd!uqKJaUO`W?-6_sJs}X`2$;q27Ip6)4T3S zOeEL&KI^*bC>DIODHxCeu*hUr;XN*vG3~)zb<)qdKhN7E;yw4tf`zpvjt=b^R6mPh zLZi3A3qmgrIij44p_F6Mb-%}s36mIR&(ksJxsC35Ysq}JZB%9kb?9paa;M8&E+Mh_ zt?rWG`C|g0hJeVDfnE_`Ry@GQ_*?WGatg7B!v6QLt_NK#I zK|R8HP9PqeU2u@pI}23fU@{=n8quL8C9Z9tz68{#Y*Ir72z;N(QdhJ_v8al@_hnDG z#XheE&5XPEMnQ=b-pdQA^#F)(-nwYY05R?qD;;L95@u5~bpFBGmuMzDCI?-wH4^*j?7 zTedI3`I_iGr1%WZAziw2;6_M1au-hb1}381*Zp8+6Bx!T@@Kq<{Sy88yUZNw>WZf* zt_G8mGGXYPgv&EA>HE|i>Lz+LxSBN=$bhuz%+)%YC=fCjx8&~S`J~WXodB<8;bPO|B(&ExXDhL%Y=L4u`MB%t!#~Sktj#T?e7j&h z;=L;R&X=03zso|WHazqs9Udv(vRd5ZQ+D*8uVTQ)Y_=dLxHV3=Gp#(3pfLqjhq0p3h*JC{VZri`z`K8bEOD<+jOj1c*7ufcm!47b6UFR^=K zX}Wpt#-{L>YiM2EI0AXiNXZw8-N6&a1NE!BgXPhC-?%VhcCSW>$Tj|rC=T6q;NX*3AZfykeI!=B&NZVuwooZ z9`jpX3fJ{gN=Y^9-43VubbpSVnUQ zl3BH2{*-&T!#R>5)mp0|{==2NYWg(;Syl>0nr!T5EVpvSjrh0ok=?LuH+;X9XQO~&^h+L$F|CS&f&^RAV+nga z!V-GwSPVk{%T?u__3*hMM9P#0^%SDLNbaT-l@m0HRio-F(EvB3=qbg_{o-en8%~i& z{|)gHB!3~$(khNLp7}L!CC3uQD_07$$4XhXpq9OQln+1ZW7HhdW6@i3?u;18EzB~X zOdm6=afOXA{44|b%!~ypsQ7j5cqyH>8!Caq1(DDyb*z^GKH$`cBFVtr8LR+-PVn97=m1W5s*H10&9sG z>G4@0q#&UVK2|tqWN?+i$b6Gj{o^U2z&I>a4DD)icgAe5+;PZmLL2n2=WW9w*C*AQ(H8v#u| zgkGoLp@NY|p~uqQkEESLeOJ)aP!Cs7i5VvMbE*3>qG$BtiRCKH?7Y-8!yz{9^h?^> z0r<_#(fFc}bEdiAJRiZ;m-*roNNv=ls5}b+b&cbl%7x;-+X75k>~Y*u-)sgWd1{^L ziZ3z3vjo)f*#cj1hMBfC>{*%7@1;a`ZM`=T&SWDpkt%(TA8Wh0Uq=Q{rP0pTOUUZ# zA467XFJ6kIpaL(osFV=xe?osR!=zY#*tnApzU7AeYbnw7%p{$t3&tT#1C$Id3DcZ) z!1hGbVN0p9~Jit`R`=Huj}2v zVETP(;eX}9NBQq3`hBY5?|EL64ZlSBFL?ed_3-y(uL*%)68#rszfuwZE6c!Nu>49* z{I4v4xBso6U#W_}XL(Il{1WEBVEJR};_sPWvq-BX?ar|Gh`!cbAMfLxT`~3p^#~v^7{p!D@Z+Bje_b*9&skHt}Q!XP8@iKt{0F;+k+KaimBYVC2KLHkP + + + + + + + + + + +

+

TITLE + OF PAPER 0

+
+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+

Title +of Paper

+

Sub +Title

+

Joseph +J. Green

+

Northern +Arizona University

+


+ +

+

+
+ +

+

Explain +the key features of corrections in 20th century America in an essay. +In your discussion of the evolving corrections system, include +details about prison programs, prison architecture, female offenders, +racial disparities, and key developments during the early, mid, and +late century. At the end of your essay, make a prediction about how +corrections will change in America through the 21st century. +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+

Programs

+

Architecture

+

Female

+

Racial

+

Developments

+


+ +

+

Intro

+

1 +Early 21st centry

+

Less +focus on penance, more focus on individual treatement, educational +programs, vocational programs, early release, indetermenant senteces. +(SANDEAGO)

+


+ +

+

Many +prison camps and farms dominate in the south, while the north favors +peniteneries (PEARSON)

+


+ +

+

Pushed +for a seperation of adults, children, and females, within the prison +system (SANEASGO) Though women were usually put to domestic chores +which didn’t help support the prisons (PEARSON)

+


+ +

+

Large +black poulation 9% of American adult pop and 31% of prison +pop(Pearson)

+


+ +

+

A +major objective was to end contract labor (SANDEAGO.EDU)

+

1887, +federal prisoners were not allowed to be used for contract labor, +lead to the establishment of the first federal prisons. +(SANDEAGO.EDU)

+

Began +the juvinile cour system (SANDEAGO

+


+ +

+

Focus +on inmates to produce products that helps support the prision +systems. The unpopular contract labor system was changed over to +labor for the state, such as for licensens plates. Prison industry +declines (PEARSON)

+

+

2 +Mid 21st century

+

early riots +Lack of programs looking for better treatment(PEARSON)

+

1940s +saw a return to Rehabilatative era begins (SALVE)

+

focuse +on education, vocation, etc… (SALVE)

+

Diagnosis +is added to programs helping to rehibilitate prisoners (PEARSON)

+

Martinson +realized that no one treatement reduced rates of prisoners returning +to the system after being released (SALVE)

+

Funding +for prisoner treatment programs decline after Martinson’s findings +(PEARSON)

+


+ +

+

Most +southern states had at least one central penitentiary, most prisoners +still on large prison farms. (PEARSON)

+

Telephone +pole prison design flourished (pearson)

+

+

Increase +in women equality in areas such as having similar vocational and +treatment programs (PEARSON).

+

Less +Foreign-born caucasian immigrants in prisons. Increase in blacks, +hispanics, and natives. (PEARSON)

+

+

Eary +20th century Hands off doctrine ended (UFL.EDU) – +Basically meant that prisoners are slaves to the state. Protected +states from judical condemation. When this was repealed, a huge +demand for prisoner rights ensued. Supreme court began to give +constitutional protects to prisoners.

+

Civil +rights movement included an interest in prisoners (PEARSON)

+

+

+

3 +Late 19th century to current

+

Return +to the theory that crimes are a choice, not a sickness, +rehabilitation falls out of favor. Reliances on incapacitation to +warehouse serious offenders as a way to protect society. (PEARSON)

+


+ +

+

Bigger, +more secure prisons (PEARSON)

+

More +recognization that men and women are different. Different approaches +obtained. Women are considered lower risk to the public so should +have greater consideration for community-based sentences

+

Blacks +comprise 12% of national population, but more than 40% of the prison +population

+

Retribution +for victums gets increased attention (PEARSON)

+

Focus +on being tougher on crime (PEARSON)

+

Mandatory +sentencing and increaed drug penalties leads to more prisons being +built, more prisoners, and over crowding (Pearson)

+


+ +

+


+ +

+

5 +Conclusion

+

Seems +to be the start of a patern. We started with focusing on punishment, +and ended with focusing on punishment. Soon, the focus, if the patter +repeats, will return to focusing on helping criminals.

+

Prisons +will become better for inmates

+

People +believe that harsh conditions makes for worse people

+

Overcrowding +will be a major interest

+

Reflects +poorly on the United States to have such a huge percapita prisoner +count

+

Drug +crimes will be lessoned (they already have in many states)

+

Prison +terms sentanced will remain high. People want prisoners to stay in +prison. Still in the retributive era where we are tough on crime.

+

+

outro

+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+


+ +

+

+
+ +

+

RESOURCES

+

http://history.sandiego.edu/gen/soc/prison.html

+

PEARSON +BOOK

+

https://www.law.ufl.edu/_pdf/academics/centers/cgr/11th_conference/Tim_Maloney_Rights_of_Detainees.pdf

+

https://digitalcommons.salve.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=1079&context=pell_theses

+


+ +

+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/school_essays/essays/20th_Century_American_Prisons_notes2.odt b/school_essays/essays/20th_Century_American_Prisons_notes2.odt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b32ed63b31280e5e001dc37041cf31914d83787c GIT binary patch literal 13192 zcmbVz1yo$iwk_^%L4!+h2<{pnIKe`KH168C2Z!M9uEE_2?(PnaySsgI-#_=rJLiu3 z|6=UXt9mnM?XIr9s`i?z6{I1du)x6Jz`zvq17x&%Sdpl~z`%YTuWx}_m{=G9ovjT3 z*4E}GdH|q_l_isdr9Pt-z|O>u(aPGuQr}9?-on5V$OtrW0xJB8tSUlznGPBZ?AL+& zN~UaVZ=q`mFfq4d0{-SQT3Z?gDac76Bj6*v{tL2{q?pp{YY!M0I2at{tGDWNXZzX! zD#$2{o0wZ#SlZZHS~vjh9bDa<>}_3L+*~}oJ-ohodARv{d;0qL`1l3+2Y(Or^Lsr) zf>C>BZXfFF8XOuP8X6y+m>igxpX~3L8tGpg z?U@-HSQ_h{8|z!18=0J%nwXxSnp;?y8DE~8T3%Y1Sz2FM*;roRT;4cX**#ugn%P{Q z+g+X8T3g!PSlN8F?cL4Y~Qb${P^PH;`HkN=JxLP=IZYD z`uX|!b?{$aUi?zhE5X1ZZKcG7m7NxjrkB+S#0h(BXc@%oZ0dA(dtyktpkOgyM<-}- zkRy{8;yjBa?OYW^v6Io)|?z?GN!RNGo6i_WZ-t|Il8y|GQi}>b-*O; z{&+cYy}yt@Qa*KjzkdN#aC^Sp-uEVY!hR6-L_S@aXlLhp{RM#I#J{bTCQaI%Ye0%L z&Rl-TnhhW8J*NQ>|72j!geEuC>U+^1uXH{(zn+_lM*Lt#&NUEs-$_Ky?#{*Tf`)#y zPz_sinYM7HtFl&G&KDpxOEJe-n6bpih44+Mb4YR+ic_CZ)iNSfuKtC%_WSeJDmQw- z{~C>d56ge&Y}EGdE8{ZMm98=x&RhvA;l=CGg_-j79yC6?8OY>U>nZI$ZL%oQrCIeX zR&CvfoU|?zoeyYHrv5bVdh(!G&7nTK`sB`FBhv-=>2=o1qFY7PX3;;deELaQigDwJ z|H9lMhqT*aL}lx%5}rf5%~LP3q9RACR2dZqf#=PNN~X5F=XDSl60Xl+V08a&z0t;; zR<+TM{sUb@UjRpCMGXhwyL|Ax#OKkACFO@*v%AcSa_g)0RXk~&jl+xk$*oGYv7Qte zVym9U=E+MD`9v{8z3g6DXviL+_s@#1@h^IKE3|qK>skCKr4MEk`?X}~5?Rw+``2WP zd+A%8*V)UnR<1{K`kb9#7(2cgG%GrW%uk8U5UI({SP+HLyKlDO_urM;64U~3cZ(#b z5Y?n9S8sf7;%!{epxO^htz_hwl2vi(K7Da363Kqb+iej4WCpz&KeSzywO3&B`zmcDx&l4e*!EV9NfR6^{+F( z8Pcm`4sf=z2QugZ^o$Mk^mX)U$_;gN;MVkYbk==XHg%BraUn~4Fni#@S-}*fVd3ts zzFZN%!USKBeAx{9A)gE(`Zg7kTbe_h*NK9tzPxmt8?+&1@JI7Ou3lxA6c6 zbGgd#N!6ka%su1%Cj%4 z7X<|bjvL3L0A)GSN<=)gs|UdfV}^N)Cznmo78LYlgT&*ipMxij>46sG)`PRvriPOX zI4sEmB=}5gjkOkBAeAeWr~7@P`{@Ssx^_q&?)}!zjE95etqB~UvLjQLCVFhXfzm?) zp1pmmQjvZvl|IV;9MPpqw&it$2>+_2!0ZHqCg}}Flq=um$Dkj(0-4^WtI*u5Yjr zX`7`?ng|7u4U&}Q8@x>_VCx}`XtD(l9t|3c@^{+JOD!%|sJU0**X`$XR8duj-&OJz z@1h9@p0IwbA%}$gmR+!!!|KW|xVvlDvem~OBiPUcN)=kidtZGs-#M%j-?I?&HWKVS zm9|`GjE9a{2uDz+&W#xy$5_6edZG1H#O_)YXK=8W{z1kqz1AtpH_HO2C%B*+tpTx7 z(m!N+o&P%6c9!>8vuV^ysJ{2P3)A4)mLczBdAL=TyzAk|&{&o3-BGd>csl+O5A;GB zUJDI1$r>h z)XE)aQO_OX%Tet76sL$qXbB;oCPn>L|X$96|nv2ePP z#;_uCkiH6=)o)6gY|q6Gy+${nRajDCn;+?dY;R@6x$)r6y0QqLzQmvgPmE8!*?O+R z+VU7BeoG`!L4(>_L36N;mBcyo&C@g-daan`L%zJlkLZ5M%UU?D>_VosP9u{a+F~&h zFJ!g%PtxbN+#hY3FT+v7IHg(h3z_;oPFAzrgkoS@`o}YZXoyvM`Ct`My2s37rXN-t zq3$ikx%Zt#J(t8{eziEVmWVITIABMO@dMAl#0#x{i1|$D22#H(kWoO*QYabb#WDg?tKzWmRs7i9I|2< zSb|e@^?Rqd=@IKW!8z4$J8Z~ecl19}o1>f;OpQ)oy(Q=LsdlTG?@?S9{9V`l%SEDA zs{|Z#*0S~loW%kvA2b~4+H-IXA0(LY&6`xGjw+Ab2k@*tfMZ^nH4_EgqAhQVU6RfECV~UrAEyn9;{}-OeT@TU0Xy~Uf-Xa0e1EmI8JT)nyuxX z`L~{2CHn@lBaK=2t_vOBBzFZ~_2^6zN$7R8Q}J>jO5YqhaT!lVwtcpG&%S)-^pY`; zm+Y6~>OgqY(n*!qxKeH0m|Z70FKAl1Q3`IfOGJ1d+N?JlI9V<1T&4AnW4Qug;Zmig zz`jxeaQIrrn{<2&hDK`%C|Ru?fbAL3jv+QC-frcIz#r!@{ib=RT)iA(0+|P-)rftF z;2{Gm%pN$$+{(>6S4xJ7rubUz4)CH}j64^IW^5e(errSv+Cr|l3c&l+$|lwK#v)cD z;Ik+TCaK)&fdBi?t;nKaQ-_VqPrPjEhk5nGwTrYlgPL!gQ{Brt3U2|0l=E2mn-0#J z#ScVbC~a%I^P$z&EbIVcE;p(->Xm?z0(*zlu*77w@JFkGKnfktgYq_0QjkluhvEW^ zNH0+0h7;Sa(P__;cu_nQ`kM3YgU-gT;=v*4eX&dr5@ET#ZadYtMdc>z4!+!)(>^04 z$o>o?$Pb)!N-a7&=*thAmnpq6xSel^t~m@5V@+We{W>SFOf>xCaNc8&=oHeK;c%uJ z9QqY9B{0#)X9C=ivW*EW%BW$B$Ib ziAyQ{dicwCnf`rcik6@X%qb2^~cob!67k zp*GfJZYPLnclZ@9Vxvb4a9Nqw&Xgm%5Z32~egN_7r(xao;=jx&JdWc`TV8f}92|-= z&f$MSzjGEpWY2H5X)Kg-+nQ31zO@$*=MCAfx4-77)tFX?J3T8NW$e?)DCcvaw)SFI znz}XW!BNDcFp_I%43marO|$q)Fx@v#DHGAqHP9z5CZpZsEl$f27jAGkn0Wc=)B%hb*m;-F#{?b05~_hVMR_-{wrXgMolZUh#nsvUdGH|QqOJAC z?yB!2Kij+@S7~-m)+e6R@U?K z5K;>EoXw#aT?0IGsbN5yj=fAzZ1Oqnpes^E&v<=~+3uj-1Qb>S0vk&te!s1KwkeuR zWtF8Mhw~O4%T}V%?|qAsU@83(VvsPfhja?R{?@M1@B|b={&+ zsPSX7iH@!&g&DWf2(gTZ1|&Lo^qfp6Qy8>YLCoxhR`kV`vY5vtJMPuxb!n#4b`QPT zZ)M^}BgtyKc6BRj>CjIre2Hw{Fr#z*TvJxEZ4_vGeCXb2XgqL7af3fE#V};3zy^!G zdcJ*nIX=9P+3{q!V^jT*WeACO{zShLH$V~YU=aQd2mzlcY1{I#ennGparxX!A-Og} za1#mMEK~xM!5U-^86&MDbmL}Qo!_dz8ik~>gG`o!0C6h< z`o(5S^`p_|HF+qWS)JKP+{9o^vLfp$^7{`9Py5kYZmEAZS0m0=Wmd2*!Yo}Ge*aFf zb^4K1lIHg9B>nW*U6c#%mdY^!7Qqx1j8+B&s_?YrP=q2yJ4%hMezTbOv=8rG_&#-p zp#ptNGd5Ne#p%>`bu`sM;ubWaKeEe#(5^Q(m>@@itSoN~a_fF^Iw{-DH*o9>BX;QA z5(TdXn`eZGc|Pc$J6pY+@hFW|f*vpFl>1K5_O7K!p-}cjU*pt!5EEG6lcpOm*LFn_ zT?^CgtF=pCII)e>LWtd%utOBJ2BxGs&Iv*YgS~~1jwt#72rWu<@uru|pGx@tl|>VI zE~&H!H|8r9wnuzI$-Ef(ASv16-DJrGe)y#J3)Y0g-TaEK=Bg(mc#gU}NAS(no26w+Ne zG}bq|28FJKi!BsWn8hSFhyq3-60{V zOnE8I@A`S0+xGUVC=jPOt|Hw=ZABQKK;xnw4NjHB=EH- zDu5o(W_Y&wwp>;XtW4@vqJHC&AI2pfuw0yU{9OZqvmtT}MSo;|+{RWr|I-Z$8Bh(q zz|((}dk|YkXPj;6sCj$6b^At+}V&tpxIIbe6u! zTYyF9{fxhRsb8SX3fb`ZcL&9!Dqpw6wU5tOQTeSN*R28iALPLEM;dbz6^Kw4#b6Gz z`WC*H+79;G5TE4d&WPzZS;j*HM zgxq!?>_re<6e*y{Q4xJ-NM_~O0fK-p4qul#T&LHpC)!6M|kY!K%&e*$0yD&-7n&lBF++hSw6 z-dWa$EP$@tM)W5peYghxcLrQkQcBNA7APA0@xd0PpR?bg4jj66V{>iBLrz1r)osN% zi6L}!u@Dp4hn&BbFp%Jyx2TKga)p@5ZFH6iT=P{({C){919 zpCLM@T^w5m-MyJO8}E>bJJzSWuO7nH1U0|T^5_cmB|dD;Vm3*hF7?saw6*P~L2Jki zq=Sp~O9YkZq0#0h6os8m9xHcgdd*svo*zn3&N{eCALAjq^6oAh3cf#(G@OVqD{(sj zoy@<_DjsRf`D}#D-QWGwjMB=*AZ5$_djIL+rHDH>2ub$&OE77=VA(OO`8n_M#)7ZykeW*;gBvA5?W^evoY)!19SVI8X6{ zLZ3p}vD=vP;U-DJT}-|3-j4Y4`g6u=-g{3z-W2iPK9U=Lvva?veoN_TLpQce>Av8I zTF`sw2dZA><#Rw?ni{=kLkBp81RD9?A>7{%P@5KH9G}B5gfa;l%o>KsJ9;uc9=?G8 zN|P8|p?Dpmfq_|l{Vh%MTekc)GxBdEeDy@FEDcSJ>}~&*C%0o|0_f=(m>aw{t!$b8 zoErZ(?A5{l8>Af&0JOK$1^mC_tgWo=tzXme_Wz;3Un!rzUa5%%z{tRkNyG$b0kF3F z58z*U{J(;K_4l7I_3u!I=2ifp!GHRIe}@8ES(*RmzW(luu(q`_vNf>#{}|9;{aFJn z4b1=VnEX@f%>rO)VrXCoWVF>c9F88g^kGKxJ>l~+7?~4df`+!G8E7y~|HK1G4a;)cKKiPe@N*<$=!g?&f-^A5BIei&8o)=`#4s z*XztLcK)4rY3qURSBs3J-(ZKhGP_l{@VWtBA-;Jz>e_zV$EzRW*R5t>oW#}WqSnMe zM$`8C1=i0QCBT+9tRW&dBhabR(|~-L5MuON(fYr|)t4vZ2waO0<*H#-WG-S?wtZPk z#cliy;<(P*I*op9^BNfQ0;{^9Q|}kmfVZb%dgA>GG{u z)@2`=i_N?6C64asLE9ryqm&h^=ao7XD-lC-pNaYIN(2dE8=Ochsc$O6&dV=$Azv3m7LC_@Ea8nG7Q#6Z? z*sXA5VYi{uuGWB&p1<^fubw_TpRl(>9%C~H+30F2FL=o%Q+ms&7Hz*0;)50P<=Ug^psR=iROa#co7(BhB7WRNHYj8k|d_k zA_N9{b&&NQDk@La2@4-SW^L$00cK$|Qm*0%xssROgzfr~r9R?_QP!Z_O?oc|PX9jm z-FV6d_OOYQ1>I(_i2c`0D2aD+tR7DvjX3HEcUPnOf1t%0_>;HpKf};5Vk}6^fUwXTUkUh6pujsN}UBnzR4Fv2%=+I58DnBcQk9FwQ zgB5`eY5=|@8Aj@yUEdSbbqJR*I0%A{W-)lSz;S=p^U#6n+zRUa-g4p`b17Ix<(hUN zs&!KVzP%C2NL-+7&f+olK>dyprLLq&Yo;S~)Gc}uRBV9PMI_dz(BMj2pF{BAaLP_N z4Gm@-DY4fF$w=ML60gQ>fIt?IPeTE$9>Gd8?s2|oo zg{@HVt=VfSZjiV78VEIUnYx;p?DXp*3=|5G(2ys$wmVZ^&{IXbbcTLWr58hR8hFaU z9-B}a)VjcEC!i{ipN0Vaa+Tm&db)+LqRtNQ4G7vh94qim{liQJB<=LTXGu z$k1b{XzUOQz+xb_J@{~nT_xUm=P2}vg2wmUTvR2B%sUO}cXV(HeQMt1F&#g*9Ur%L z0+N>&wEC>WB+>gre%N=5sxi>Dnq=~k$6dB`3|5Y1xP;|MP)HBx10_d&Fd!^rGNYv1 zJdWGZvlnO9%O?;(Ww`N?8D{hxwlJg{rxiX=kTs60!pgaUxd1E1ik?BV04!4SqOdYi zmlNiXEq%w7u!xq;IQCUaeQQ_f$AI-wlgFK?ya&eGw}UR+x)Jt52DwEyJ3F)?Q(*Nn zaLz2@5@%a7?U%Cj;PC-3YBXkQ03(>`cUVQAgywOM?)10|sM`yA=C|WtJXV+F4DxfG zG&oo#2&SkxCLLV0r7hOkAKdTCKZOAbhs!r3(rH7;$LK;kcjNQrDwMK#>WSg^ONG24 zGz^VT{FK&w(lHC+kYL=gUTneoWgZ_j{Z9gBQh0B*x&#m;YG4fd42#E1EZh#cz>h zDKT6l16*0-{aEX8>Qi{#ayznjJCz6OZ0j;A8?)kN82&A6A}GMA-kfyv>yr`B?M=U@ z^_?Y?I?g+4mn2q#J2jjNChtY4L6(yIq1NG@Y@ZgHZC?4@x6~5(V4VzL-n4d0)lD9_ z-*xV>-q*Nv3A?9R7@1JUu&_RoxLP{4$}}UB31$eV45uf9(q^DItP%wQyGwGJ@g4}v zNei#rUHn?S7haBl_!9FH=;}2~mY10pz3`tX!azv~9lFp0!A%?Y z?Q@DFN9H{KFN_;A)?15~vni!m)z%<7UF<2|ynwvMN4uoRYFGnlr90>^%V|w4NSs#% z1&(8tb}CKmCTE}dQX+tdcFZ*wKRJqM=9Qg{v%>K)YSC0i*mfI>_b7O566*)Z@5YIQ z>vYwD|2K(eT*&-(nKjw>|Ib@{7k z=Ec-_KY`Fg*V}@Ky%3Qkgv1t_oWh97H-2o`w%1t^c_Jg)SQE;9-M`K?xG740BE5Ly zSB+nF`yxp$8&Q_`4Phvgl2KJ(GjXsCQf&KMTb6R)swRGN0!x^O+PPQdM-K^(5C`(` z{h*Nh;KP&gD&o7u&l6Qv_c_g-++E@ey(D{vV^Q(=h1|P5d5*TZ+M5M7J&#KS#@wtN)$5uX>qwLu46d`({Q&d-D`#4}k(YE@fZA*R{f z<2HrmqZtgKSdhMxaYClb%$ekD+!9%ImjEUQy+V0=W1tW9QG9swDm*MZG! z3N0LT+riu2su&c9E2c((HDT^C@9nF4PAN$(cX9}kJK<@MyT3MdfHYA6Fm<^$L znR(lc5FPw(OItf3=_qrNRjc-L{+hg_-pN-R89Ew=2rh!IOi<0wO$=Ky39*x#SbNo@ zp$XN)6LYEM;r8x%IDqp-0A6c#3Cgqi8R)26A1#*7c&%SQr#g1#-C!1O!rfE+*#*v|2v_LskuaXSMb(8SW{UpveijW2c!JZK(*ZDgIUA4%AdWuj0b zCMKeOf|+bz%Fcz13(vSvaQ|#O`RJd5B_qw^LUv}Lwy=D%7~*zegBMcuMj*xoo1omiv404uFP70*8VjEH$^^48)=&Mtkpir+ z$?;eQKSX3y+zx@gPgIxfpi#ZJ6g#{Qj1En`E!afYfVE83fW&43O9mB!?ve@%KDBVi zt(CbSQ>8^}y@SiJ@gHlnUaWy%%>>Y`UFx|iw7`xjP;bcmtkp~2L@kTxF^_OwiEnjY z1#INJ2z~FRFyq}dERZ49+ONRQ%L^q7-QuX7oj^qUMAhQQC5Tt=cr*d<7LIMZ)^jfV zAwfdIjOKu)d0Kv+hh!Xt76vf6kCDlTfPX|sRF$9^Y`BdZyI$6^(|?AHiAEg-&HE{{ zh_bh@=3IbRQ27y;VEP3tfx1xDp%`$6$o&eJwvRr&Gx-?QV?+i|+F?B`G5K;OaWIIGc zCLACcPhLbzicA$UPhCIz+`G^jR%K`imw3_%VuY%d5V`iktA&}7#B+!$F35xzJ^t;c zC)uPg5vZ|+MMLP8MkQ>e_#(ZZE;|8!U3m0G%=F3X$i8f@qvB~Vwgy@r0}hstxo`pX z2m+r6B9Y}gZJosT)D3rI=O|3m@ol+b7!rZYdN_g-w&hc7BeRG(+iuLsu#!Z#@!LRp zrZqabW}PwJ(qRmKFl>b*@x9&s0a$tkxCw}KP*?E+iLW1M5BWN$eS)XpZOu!zFLbLh z5wZ%5YHV2!I4$QoE3#S*PP|MBiqyJAmiqZVKY440+9GbRd43vSGgu$i`T+bu)7qN5MV9;t8wFYC7oy%__txR#f+xP-kR`T zE&1ZvAU}}@g2S;6ZQGaVuM-Q9x8MkZ3?>rvmvftsg*gJka;vujXH}sL3w3SeGAhKM*sDbx;uCi3}Z zuXM#mdk*&BCVSOu6T>|)$9jCgRw|7Dj=iB@UO-7=nRJo0ugwHCt9eIE*75Rg2cvF^Np}MaS=$DHaA4p^%2*b$?8>q z%$62Oq*+HrUZEM^JVN&*tj|f`O}<&@ksIQ9QNf|tAB-wa)4J`DDK9cz~u(>*K!obDnq0K z0|ur^`=6Ghf0fl500F;}9ih?ERw>L_em76pfewfsr?t41KN^i=J|;@ei}x%6jPVHY z8AYXM7=2)#_Wt^1F3vD|ytuh0^s&k=ya$Ms z3BY|MJ&i3z@2^CXoyIQd@;ex5OfC3GVhjN8qMyNQ%(JY&_~Xx8P~=W^8+YxDMH6*% ziCsA7nrW&Wl_08f2yu{dF1cFh-0t%XUU5R^TUN+9eplT5gq!J2AnjC(hY&2a4*;zj z%ZvC!;^=$Cp^F$NQF1qqv$W;Hz$X#phNR0Dt^+ECBZ(IRJeqbu>t}ac+@ac_v3WG6 zRMj?NTrqNdLq&XQDSWB`R+>R(nRotZuQi)3-|m?MuAYLu;!; zUYAKYqX}fDFQ>jd(p7dxv@*JOpet&{*bQLmw52H38`%qui{pA6kWL}eN3|2sKuER) z8qB3e7YEFJ7~%mi6vjmCtMcYY zuX`0)ab;l!DY*|!|IR7C&Xkf*!=|0gNUb;TzLk+*&rC8)x#AweH^M3qQL@k325wC> zKSc>GgrQ4ja6WmgQp02SCOgh!HyK05f<#+GkotWGls*NgPdYxo3k%R(_cjlWyfW7p zCGKwe5Dr71bTxq6wPR1FG6>IFWixv_eQmccg7&xJHkGmJctTKKq_U5$tXHE8$HWX( z(yyH0BR3~c*Q@-okKH9Yy|@ideuJ_xc!Lw^eA_t->8h^|uTkJx=6UVP~zc!-3Tj^_6 z{2vQ8|BC#h?C`4w^LK-NjWK_y$oviXPpZW4K*l%!J9+GbV|2w?bAD8?= zGx=>2|AzeIqunoo;CC~Ay`bOag1_SaxCZ~Z$3BWbKL-94`NshLYmNTh)aYKX_5ZHe me?|Q

+

Criminology

+ +

+20th Century American Prisons Notes2 [HTML] [ODT] + +
+20th Century American Prisons [HTML] [ODT] + +
+20th Century American Prisons Notes [HTML] [ODT] + +
+